Study APW ch 1 Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
APW ch 1

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development of new technologies in Ukraine and Russia
a. needles, multilayered clothing, weaving, nets, baskets, pottery,etc.
b. partially underground dwellings made from mammoth remains
c. suggests semipermanent settlement
d. creation of female figurines (“Venus figurines”)
i. have been found all across Europe
cave paintings
the earliest Europeans left hundreds of cave paintings: depictions of animals and humans and abstract designs (maybe early form of writing)
a. scholars debate the meaning of cave images

i. perhaps examples of “totemic” thinking—the belief that particular people are associated with or descended from particular animals
ii. perhaps “hunting magic” to enhance success
iii. perhaps part of religious practice or rites of passage
iv. perhaps showed division of male and female realms
Into Eurasia. When?
40,000 years ago; middle east
Out of Africa to the Ends of the Earth: First Migrations
1. stayed there exclusively for about 150,000 years
2. Africa was home to the “human revolution,” in which culture became more important than biology in shaping human behavior
3. humans began to inhabit environments not touched by earlier hominids
4. technological innovation: use of stone and bone tools
5. hunting and fishing, not just scavenging
a. settlements planned around movement of game and fish
6. patterns of exchange
7. use of ornaments, perhaps planned burials
8. around 100,000 years ago: beginning of migrations out of Africa
a. adapted to nearly every environment on earth
b. much took place in the difficulties of the last Ice Age
i. ice lowered sea levels, created land bridges
Homo sapiens
emerged in eastern and southern Africa 250,000 years ago.
It’s wrong to ignore the first 200,000 years of human experience. Why?
1. archaeology reveals a great deal about these peoples
2. they settled the planet
3. they created the earliest human societies
4. they were the first to reflect on issues of life and death
Paleolithic era
95% of human history; old stone age
one of the last gathering and hunting societies onearth
Hazda of Tanzania
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