Study RAD Technique Flash Cards

 
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RAD Technique

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what is it called when the radiation intensity on the cathode side of the xray field is higher than on the anode side
anode heel effect
what are the advantages of the line focus principle
large area for heat loading
maintained small effective focal spot size for improved radiographic detail
what are the two types of anodes
rotating anode
stationary anode
what are the two parts of the induction motor
stator
rotor
what are the purposes of the xray tube anode
withstand heat
reduce the size of the xray source
radiation intensity on the cathode side of the xray field is higher than on the anode side
heel effect
is the area of the target from which xrays are emitted
focal spot
area projected onto the patient and the film
EFS
a gray white hard, brittle corrosion-resistant metallic element used in high temperature structural materials and electrical elements
tungsten
a stationary part of a machine such as a motor, about which a rotor turns
stator
a common reddish metallic element that is ductile and malleable and one of the best conductors of heat and electricity
copper
a substance or body capable of trasmitting electricity, heat or sound
conductor
what are the things needed to produce xrays
separation of electrons
production of high speed electrons
focusing of electrons
stopping of high speed electrons in target
what is a grid controlled xray tube that bridges the focusing cup and is the third electrode
triode
what is it when an electron with sufficient minimum kinetic energy ejects an inner orbital electron
characteristic radiation
what xray tube was recognized as being far superior to the crookes tube
hot cathode xray tube
what are some of the disadvantages or characteristics of the crookes tube
electron flow is hindered
fewer xrays produced
more heat is generated
inefficient producer of xrays
tube mA could not be changed independently of kV
what enshrouds the filament and is made of nickel
focusing cup
what is the high melting point of the target
3,410* C / 6,410* F
what is tube current measured in
mA
what determines xray tube current
number of electrons
what is the characteristics of the filament
source of electrons
what is the electrical supply for a cathode in amps and volts
10 volts
3-5 amps
the metallic surface usually of platinum or tungsten upon which the stream of cathode rays within an xray tube is focused and from which the xrays are emitted
target
a cloud of electrons in the vicinity of the filament
space charge
a negatively charged metal shroud in which the filament is embedded
focusing cup
a tenuous conductor made incandescent by passage of an electric current
filament
to tend or move toward one point or another
converge
the loss of vacuum of an xray tube results in what
electron flow is hindered
fewer xrays produced
more heat is generated
uncontrolled secondary electrons
wide variation in tube current
what is the purpose of the pyrex envelope of an xray tube
maintain vacuum
what 2 parts is the induction motor made of
rotor
strator
what are the two main parts of the anode
target
induction motor
what are the basic components of an xray tube
cathode
anode
glass envelope
what are the two parts of a cathode
filament
focusing cup
a shaft made of bars of copper and soft iron fabricated in one mass located inside the xray glass envelope
rotor
used for glass and glassware that contains appreciable oxide of boron and is resistant to heat, chemicals, and electricity
pyrex
the electron emitting electrode of an electron tube
cathode
the electron collecting electrode of an electron tube
anode
what type of xray tubes operate on low kV
mammography
grid bias xray tubes equal what kV
-2kV
what are the four types of modern xray tube designs
rotating anode
grid controlled
mammography
metal/ceramic
what grid controlled xray tube prevents the capacitor from discharging
grid bias
what year was the rotating anode xray tube introduced
1929
an electron tube with an anode, cathode and controlling grid
triode
a metallic element that resembles chromium and tungsten in many properties, is used especially in strengthening and hardening steel
molybdenum
a negative potential across a triode of a grid controlled tube
grid bias
a large partially evecuated glass tube also known as the Httorf Tube
crookes tube
a vacuum xray tube which allowed xray intensity and energy to be selected seperately and with great accuracy
coolidge tube
high speed electrons projected in a stream from the heated cathode of a vacuum tube under the propulsion of a strong electric field
cathode ray
a steel gray lightwieght corrosion resistant rigid metallic element used chiefly as a hardening agent
beryllium
what is the percentage of emitted xrays constituted by emission of characteristic radiation
10%
what is it when an electron approaches strongly positive nuclear field causing deviation from initiial path
braking radiation
at 80 kV how much of the energy is xrays and how much energy is heat
.6% xrays
99.4% heat
the narrower the electron beam, the smaller the focus, the ________ the xray image
sharper
what directs the electron stream to the anode
focusing cup
an electrically charged particle emitted by an incandescent substance
thermions
the giving off of electrons from the surface of a heated metal
thermionic emisions
a low current of electricity which flows through the filament of the cathode
filament current
white, glowing, or luminous with intense heat
incandescence
who invented the hot cathode xray tube
william coolidge
who suffered the first radiographic fatality in the US in 1904
clarence dally
what year was the fluoroscope invented
1898
who developed the fluoroscope
thomas edison
who was able to reduce exposure time by use of double emulsion
charles leonard
what was the length of exposure time prior to using intensifying sceens
30 minutes or more
who demonstrated technique of reducing exposure times by using an intensifying screen in conjunction with glass photographic plates in 1896
michael pupin
who received the first nobel prize for physics in 1901
roentgen
on what date did wilhelm conrad roentgen discover xray
nov 8, 1895
who developed a partially evacuated glass tube which bears his name
sir william crookes
who was the forerunner of modern fluorescent lamps & neon sign type lamps
sir william crookes
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