Study History Exam vocab 1-5-08 Flash Cards

 
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History Exam vocab 1-5-08

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Astrolabe
An instrument used by sailors their location by observing the positions of stars and planets
Dowry
A gift of monetry or property. Man had to pay for their brides
Mosques
Muslims houses of worship. Mongol armies burnt down in 1258 in Baghdad
Sunni
Muslims wh did not all agree with Ummayyad rule, but acceapted the Umayyads as rulers
Shiite
Muslims who only acceapt the descendants of Ali as the true rulers of Islam
Jihad
"Struggle in the way of God"
Shari'ah
A law code that provides believers with a set of practical laws to regulate their daily lives.
Hajj
The pilgrimage to Makkah (Mecca)
Quran
The holy book of Islam
Sheikh
Leader of a Arab tribe. Each tribe had one. It was chosen from one of the leading familis by a council of elders.
Paterfamilies
In Roman social structure, the dominant male of the household
Triumvirate
A government by 3 people with power.
Plebians
Less wealthy landowners, craftspeople, merchants, and small farmers. = large group
Patricians
Wealhty landowners who became Rome's ruling class
Republic
A form of governmentin which the leader is not a monarch and certain cizitens have the right to vote.
Socratic Method
The Method of teaching used by the Greeks philospher Socrates, it employs a question-and-answer format to lead pupils to see things for themselves by using their own reason.
Philosophy
An organized system of thought.
Oligarchy
A government rule by the few.
Democracy
A government by the people or rule of the many.
Polis
A city-state that became the central focus of Greek life by 750 B.C.
Confucianism
The system of political and ethical ideas formulated by the Chinese philosopher Confucius toward the end of the Zhou dynasty; it was intended to help restore order to a society that was in a state of confusion
Dao
The key to proper behavior under Confuciansim. "Way"
Aristocracy
An upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another.
Silk Road
A trade route developed by the Chinese. Reached Chagan, China to Mesopotomia, Central Asia. It was a trade route from 200 B.C. to 100 A.D. It was 4,000 miles long.
Buddhism
A religous doctrine introduced un northern India in the 6th century B.C. by Siddhartha Guatama, Known as the Buddha.
Karma
The force generated by a person's actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life.
Hinduism
A major Inian religion system, which had its orgins in the religous beliefs of Aryans who settled India afte 1500 B.C.
Dynasty
A family of rulers whose rights to rule is passed on within the family
Monotheistic
To belief in one god
Polytheistic
To belief in many gods
Patriarchal
dominated by men
Code of Hammurabi
Based on a system of strict justice. Collection of laws provides considerable insight into social conditions in Mesopotamia.
Empire
A large political unit or state, usually under a single leader that controls many people or territories
Theocracy
A government by divine authority
City-States
A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside
Fertile Crescent
An arc of land from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf
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