Study FINAL EXAM!!!! Flash Cards

 
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FINAL EXAM!!!!

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democracy
government by direct participation by all citizens
republic
government by representatives
Republican
favor government intervention in social issues; oppose gov. intervetion in economy
Democrat
favor government intervention in economy; oppose gov. intervention in social issues
separation of powers
political power is divided amoung branches fo government
checks and balances
system where different branches of government are able to limit each other
conservative
tends to oppose change; favor traditional values
liberal
tolerant of change and favor reform
John Roberts
current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Tinker v Des Moines
1st Amendment protects symbolic speech
Miranda v Arizona
state police must read suspects rights upon arrest
Roe v Wade
legalizes abortion within the first 3 months
Brown v Board of Education
overturned Plessy; "separate but equal" is therefore unconstitutional
Plessy v Ferguson
established principle of "separate but equal" therefore segregation is constitutional
Marbury v Madison
established judicial review
judicial review
power of Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional
Appeals courts
middle level of federal courts; 12
District courts
lowest level of federal courts; 91
appellate jusrisdiction
authority to hear appeals and reverse lower court's ruling
original jurisdiction
the authority hear a case first
Attorny General
title of the leader of the Justice Department
Robert Gates
current Secretary of Defense
Condi Rice
current Secretary of State
Cabinet
group of presidential advisors
domestic policy
a naiton's internal goals and how to achieve them
foreign policy
government plan for dealing with other nations
Chief Diplomat
President's role in dealing with foreign countries
Commander in Chief
President's role as head of military
Chief of State
President's role as symbolic leader of U.S.
lame-duck
an elected offical holding office between the election and inauguration of a successor
Electoral College
a group of individuals who officially elect the President
balance the ticket
tatic of choosing a VP inorder to broaden support
reserved powers
powers of the states protected by the 10th Amendment
implied powers
powers of the Congress not listedbut sugestes by elastic clause
enumerated powers
powers of the Congress specifically listed in the Constitution
filibuster
tatic for defending a bill in the Senate by talking until it withdrawn
District of Columbia
site of the nation's capital between Virginia and Maryland
gerrymandering
dividing a state into odd shaped districts for political advantage
franking priviledge
right of Congress to work-related mail without paying postage
Capitol
buliding where Congress meets in D.C.
Nancy Pelosi
current Speaker of the Hosue
Speaker of the House
presiding officer of the House of Representatives
impeach
to accuse
federamlism
system of government where power is shared between national gov. and states
unitary
system of government where ultimate authoriy lies in national government
confederation
system of government where ultimate authority li states in
26th Amendment
lowers voting age from 21 to 18
24th Amendment
ablolished poll tax
23rd Amendment
gave washington D.C. 3 electoral votes
22nd Amendment
limited President to 2 terms
19th Amendment
right to vote to women
15th Amendment
right to vote cannot be denied based on race
14th Amendment
defined citizenship as anyone born or naturalized; protects due process at state level
13th Amendment
abolished slavery
5th Amendment
protects due process at national level
2nd Amendment
protects the right to militia and to bear arms
1st Amendment
protects rights of religion,speech, petition, press and assembly
petition
formal request
suffrage
the right to vote
due process
constitutional procedures that must be followed before the denial of life, liberty, or property
separation of church and state
Located in: 1st Amendment
principle establishes by Amendment 1 that state government must remain neutral toward religion
Supremacy Clause
Located in: Article VI
national gov. is supreme when in conflict with states
Full Faith and Credit Clause
located in: Article IV
clause which requires states to recognize laws of other states
Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause
located in: Article I, Section 8, Part 18
allows Congress to make to make necessary laws; unlisted; expand power
Article VII
Ratification of the Constitution
Article VI
National Supremacy
Article V
Amending Process
Article IV
Relations Amoung the States
Preamble
introduction to the Constitution
Supreme Court
highest federal court
President
cheif executive of a republic
Congress
legislature of the U.S.
interpret
clarify or explain
execute
to carry out
legislate
to make laws
James Madison
father of the Constitution
Bill of Rights
first ten amendments to the Contitution/ comprmise between the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist
Anti-Federalist
opposed the Constitution
Federalist
supported the Constitution
Great Compromise
created a bicameral Congress (House with representation based on population and Senate with equal representation
New Jersey Plan
called for Congressional representation to be equal
Virginia Plan
called for Congressional representation to be based on population
Shays Rebellion
event that led to the Constitutional Convention
Articles of Confederation
first government of the United States
Thomas Jefferson
wrote the Declaration of Independance
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