Study Physics 3.16 - 3.19 Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Physics 3.16 - 3.19

loading
the process by which an atom gains or loses orbital electrons
ionization
when matter forms into a crystal lattice the energy levels of these atoms combine to form what
energy bands
materials which have very few free electrons and offer a large resistance to the flow of electricity
insulators
niether solid nor gaseous characterized by free movement of the constituent molecules among themselves but without the tendency to seperate
liquid
materials which weakly repel a magnet
diamagnetic
materials which are neither attracted nor repelled by a magnet
non magnetic
materials that are weakly attracted by a magnet
paramagnetic materials
materials that are strongly attracted by a magnet
ferromagnetic materials
a convalent bond in which there is an unequal sharing or attraction for the shared electrons
polar covalent bond
magnetic fields are always produced when an electrical charge is in motion
electrical spin
the force acting between two magnetic poles is directly proportional to the product of the poles magnetic strength.
the force acting between two magnetic poles inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two poles.
what are these
coulombs law of magnetic poles
every magnet has two poles one at each end labeled north and south.
like magnetic poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other.
what is this called
laws of magnetism
temporary magnets produced by means of an electric current
electromagnets
what are the best artificial magnets made of
alloy of iron, nickel, cobalt in an aluminum base
what is the most commonly produced shapes of artificial magnets
bars or horseshoes
what type of magnets consists of materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt
artificial magnets
what metals does lodestone consist of
iron oxide or magnetite
what is the largest natural magnet
earth
what type of magnets are produced by nature
natural magnets
the property of a magnet that permits it to attract magnetic substances
magnetism
what occurs when the electrical pressure becomes too high and the electrons jump from the negative charged body to the positive charged body
creates a visible and audible spark
the straining of electrons is called what
electrical pressure
an area of greater electron concentration to an area of lesser electron concentration
static discharge
only what can move in a solid conductor
negative charges
where is the concentration of charges on a curved surface the greatest
where the curvature is the greatest
electric charges exist on which side of conductor
external surface
the electrical force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of their magnitude and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
coulomb's law of electrostatic
lines of force moving in opposite directions do what
attract one another
lines of force traveling in the same direction do what
repel one another
the lines of force always move
from a positive charge to negative charged particle
an electrical field consists of what that are strongest near the charged particle and becoming weaker as they progress farther away from the particle
lines of force
like charges repel unlike charges attract
laws of electrostatic
to make the process of electrification by induction permanent what do you need to do
attatch a ground to the metal body
if a negatively charged object is brought near an uncharged metal body the electrons in the metal nearest the negative charged body will be repelled
process of electrification by induction
what is the region or zone surrounding every charged body which force is exerted
electrical field
electrostatic field or
dielectric field
a charged body confers the opposite charge on a neutral body that comes into its electrical field
induction
the process by which a charged body confers the same type of charge on an uncharged body it comes into contact with
conduction
the amount of electrification that may be produced by friction is determined by what
the valance structure of that object
the removal of electrons from one object and the gaining of electrons by another object
friction
what are the methods of electrification
friction
conduction
induction
the process by which electrons are added or removed by the body
electrofication
a connection made to the earth which has a potential charge of zero
ground
the branch of physics that deals with stationary or resting charges
electrostatic
these have good conductivity and the crystal lattice consists of positive ions permeated by a cloud of electrons
metallic crystals
hard often brittle materials like carbon
covalent crystals
poor conductors of electricity due to strength of the ionic bond
ionic crystals
what are the types of crystal solids
ionic crystals
covalent crystals
metallic crystals
materials which have an energy gap that falls between that of insulators and conductors
semi conductors
all good conductors are what
metals
materials with many free electrons and offer very little resistance to the flow of electricity
conductors
with an applied force electrons can be made to move in a given direction
electrical current
the area outside the hold of an atom where electrons move freely
conduction band
this band represents the amount of energy required to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band
forbidden band
the energy band in which electrons exist as they form the crystal lattice
valence band
crystal solids are geometric patterns that are three dimensional structures called what
crystal lattice
atoms and molecules combine to form repeated geometric shapes
crystal solids
what are examples of amorphous solids
glass & plastic
solids with no orderly arrangement of atoms and molecules
amorphous solid
matter takes a specific shape not dependent on containers
solid
a fluid that has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely
gas
what are the three states of matter
gas
liquid
solids
matter may be found in one of three states depending on the average velocity of its molecules
forms of matter (phases of matter)
this type of bond serves to hold metallic atoms together
metallic bonding
a covalent bond which there is an equal sharing or attraction for the shared electrons
non polar convalent bond
the sharing of valence electrons between two or more atoms
covalent bonding
the bonding of metals and non metals
ionic bonding
elements are linked together utilizing the valence electrons
chemical bonds
atoms with 4 valence electrons are
niether negative or positive
atoms with five or more valence electrons are
negative
atoms with three or less valence electrons are
positive
the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares when forming a compound
valence state
chemically unstable atoms are those that contain how many valence electrons
1 - 7
chemically stable atoms are those that satisfy what
the rule of octet
the valence electrons are responsible for all
chemical and electrical activities of the elements
the electrons with the outermost energy level
valence electrons
Place this card into pile: