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amh 4

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popular sovereignty
belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power. expresses a concept and does not necessarily reflect or describe a political reality
southern war strategy
defend all resources
northern naval strategy
Union Navy maintained a massive effort on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the Confederate States of America designed to prevent the passage of trade goods, supplies, and arms to and from the Confederacy.
northern war strategy
offensive strategy move in on the south
emancipation proclamation
two executive orders issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War. The first one, issued September 22, 1862, declared the freedom of all slaves in any state of the Confederate States of America that did not return to Union control by January 1, 1863. The second order, issued January 1, 1863, named the specific states where it applied.
reconsruction act of 1867
After the end of the Civil War, as part of the on-going process of Reconstruction, the United States Congress passed four statutes known as Reconstruction Acts
Creation of five military districts in the seceded states not including Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and was readmitted to the Union
Required congressional approval for new state constitutions (which were required for Confederate states to rejoin the Union)
Confederate states gave voting rights to all men.
All states must ratify the 14th Amendment.
thirteenth amendmant
officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and, with limited exceptions, such as those convicted of a crime, prohibits involuntary servitude. It was adopted on December 6, 1865.
appomattox
where Lee and confederates surrendered to Grant and his union troops
new technology introduced by war
submarine, repeating rifle, and multi barreled Gatling Gun, trenches
the peninsula campaign
Union operation launched in southeastern Virginia from March through July 1862, the first large-scale offensive in the Eastern Theater. The operation, commanded by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, was an amphibious turning movement intended to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond by circumventing the Confederate States Army in northern Virginia. McClellan was initially successful against the equally cautious General Joseph E. Johnston, but the emergence of General Robert E. Lee changed the character of the campaign and turned it into a humiliating Union defeat.
battle of new orleans
took place on January 8, 1815, and was the final major battle of the War of 1812.[1] American forces, with General Andrew Jackson in command, defeated an invading British Army intent on seizing New Orleans and America's vast western lands. The Treaty of Ghent had been signed on 24 December 1814, but news of the peace would not reach New Orleans until February
battle of antietam
first major battle to take place on northern soil. 23,000 casualties in one day. General George B. McClellan confronted Lee's Army of Northern Virginia at Sharpsburg, Maryland. At dawn September 17, Hooker's corps mounted a powerful assault on Lee's left flank that began the single bloodiest day in American military history. Attacks and counterattacks swept across Miller's cornfield and fighting swirled around the Dunker Church
battle of gettysburg
battle with the largest number of casualties. four days of fighting, the conferdarates had 15,000 confederates moved in, Picketts charge. Lee withdrew and overall, almost 50,000 casualties
battle of vicksburg
Grant pierced Vicksburgs defenses and after 6 weeks forced pemberton and his 30,000 men surrendered
first battle of bull run
first major land battle of the American Civil War, fought on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia. Unseasoned Union Army troops under Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell advanced across Bull Run against the equally unseasoned Confederate Army under Brig. Gens. Joseph E. Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard, and despite the Union's early successes, they were routed and forced to retreat back to Washington, D.C.
total casulties of war
620,000
360,000 union soldiers
260,000 confederates
advantages of south at start of war
shift troops easliy without using rail roads. guerillas could easily sabatoge northern railroads
advantages of north at start of war
more people, 3.5 times as many white men of military age, 90% of all u.s. industrial capacity, and two thirds of its rail road tracks.
methods of raising armies
confederacy conscription act- had to sign up from 17-50 for three years
north enrollment act of march 1863
causes of the war
economic and social differences
states rights vs. federal rights
slavery
dred scott vs. sandford
decision by the United States Supreme Court that ruled that people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves, or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves—could never be citizens of the United States, and that the United States Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories. The Court also ruled that slaves could not sue in court, and that slaves—as chattel or private property—could not be taken away from their owners without due process
John C. Calhoun
vice president of u.s. and he said the the only thing that would save the union would be the north treating the south as an equal
John Brown
an American abolitionist who advocated and practiced armed insurrection as a means to end all slavery. He led the Pottawatomie Massacre in 1856 in Bleeding Kansas and the unsuccessful raid at Harpers Ferry in 1859.
John W. Booth
assasinnated Lincoln
andrew johnson
17th president, suceeded Jackson,prominent war democrat of the south, presedential reconstruction
george pickett
battle of gettysburg, picketts charge
george mcclellan
graduated from west point, served in mexican american war, managed mid western railroads in 1850's. organized army of potomac, seven days battles
david farragut
tennessean loyal to the union, first admiral of navy,
thomas j jackson
confederate general, valley campaign, corp commander of army of northern virginia, assembled and commanded stonewwall bridge
alexander stevens
american politician of georgia, vice president of coinferderate during civil war, lawyer
robert e lee
soldier in us army, seven days battle, battle of bull run, had to retreat at battle of antietam
ulysses s grant
lead union in american civil war, supported civil rights of african americans, radical reconstruction
william t sherman
west point graduate, american war veteran who ran a southern military academy, march through Georgia
abraham lincoln
16th president, assasinated, emancipation proclamation, first republican president
jefferson davis
former secretary of war, us senator from mississippi, president of confederacy.
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