Study CHLP 2662 Chap.4 Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
CHLP 2662 Chap.4

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Electroneuromyography
Diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the muscle
Tenorrhaphy
Surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
Tenolysis
Release of a tendon from adhesions
Tenodynia
Pain in a tendon
Tenodesis
Surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
Sprain
Injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament
Sphincter
Ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway
Spasmodic torticollis
Stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side
Singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm
Shin splint
Painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone)
Sarcopenia
Loss of muscles mass, strength, and function that comes with aging
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
Pronation
Turns the palm of the hand downward or backward
Polymyositis
Muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
Plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot
Physiatrist
Physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
Paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
Paralysis
Loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply
Oblique
slanted or at an angle
Nocturnal myoclonus
Jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep
Myotonia
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction
Myotonia
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after a voluntary contraction
Myorrhapy
Surgical suturing of a muscle wound
Myoparesis
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
Myolysis
Degeneration of muscle tissue
Myofascial release
Specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome
Myoclonus
Sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
Myocele
Herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it
Myasthenia gravis
Chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
Muscular dystrophy
Characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system
Intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest
Impingement syndrome
Occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
Hypotonia
Condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
Hypokinesia
Abnormally decreased muscle function or activity
Hypertonia
Condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles
Hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased muscle function or activity
Hemiplegia
Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body
Hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
Heel spur
Calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus
Ganglion cyst
Harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist
Fibromyaliga syndrome
Debilitation chronic condition characterized by fatigue, diffuse and or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain, and a wide range of other symptoms
Fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia
Exercise physiologist
Specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness
Ergonomics
Study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment
Epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
Electromyography
Diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation
Dystonia
Condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
Dystaxia
Mild form of ataxia
Dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm
Dorsiflexion
Bends the foot upward at the ankle
Contracture
Permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues
Circumduction
Circular movement at the far end of a limb
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Occur when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen
Bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement
Atrophy
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures
Atonic
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength
Ataxia
Inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement
Adhesion
Band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
Adduction
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
Abduction
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body
tri-
three
ton/o
tone
ten/o, tend/o,tendin/o
to stretch out
tax/o
coordination
-rrhexis
rupture
-plegia
paralysis
my/o
muscle
kines/o, kinesi/o
movement
-ic
pertaining to
-ia
condition
fibr/o
fibrous connective tissue
fasci/o
fascia
dys-
bad
-cele
hernia
bi-
two
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