Study electric charge and static electricity Flash Cards

 
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electric charge and static electricity

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How do lightning rods protect buildings from lightning?
The lightning rod is joined to earth by a wire (conductor). This directs the electric charge to earth, which prevents the building from being damaged.
Why is it unsafe to be on a beach during a lightning storm?
People in open areas are at risk of being struck by lightning. The charges from the lightning can jump to your body.
How does lightning occur in a cloud?
The negative charge at the bottom of the cloud may induce a positive charge on the ground. The large charge difference causes a rapid electric discharge called lightning.
What 3 things might you notice after an electric discharge?
1. see a flash of light
2. feel a shock
3. hear a cracking noise
The loss of static electricity as charges move off an object is called ___________.
electric discharge
Static electricity is generally produced by ___________ or __________.
friction
induction
The electric charge at rest on an object is called _________________.
static electricity
What factors make a material a good insulator?
1. The electrons do not flow freely.
2. The electrons are tightly held in the atoms.
Why are most metals good conductors?
Some of the elctrons are free to move.
Which of the following is a good insulator?
a. aluminum
b. rubber
c. mercury
d. copper
rubber
Which of the following is a good insulator?
a. copper
b. aluminum
c. glass
d. mercury
glass
Which of the following is a good insulator?
a. plastic
b. mercury
c. copper
d. aluminum
plastic
Which of the following is a good insulator?
a. aluminum
b. mercury
c. wood
d. copper
wood
Which of the following is a good conductor?
a. wood
b. air
c. copper
d. glass
copper
A material in which charges cannot move freely is called ______________.
insulator
A material in which charges can move freely is called _____________.
conductor
A material in which charges can move freely is called __________.
a conductor
Can you tell if an object has a positive or a negative charge with an electroscope?
No. You can tell whether the object is charged, but you cannot tell whether the charge is positive or negative.
You can use a device called a(n) ______________ to see if something is charged.
electroscope
When you charge objects by any method, no charges are ___________ or ___________.
created
destroyed
This happens when electrons move by direct contact.
conduction
This happens when charges in an uncharged metal object are rearranged without direct contact with a charged object.
induction
This happens when electrons are "wiped" from one object to another.
friction
This happens when electrons move by direct contact.
conduction
This happens when charges in an uncharged metal object are rearranged without direct contact with a charged object.
induction
This happens when electrons are wiped from one object to another.
friction
What happens when an object gains electrons?
The object becomes negatively charged.
What happens when an object loses electrons?
The object becomes positively charged.
Why are atoms uncharged?
They have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
How do charged objects within an electric field interact?
They either attract or repel each other.
What 2 things affect the size of the electric force?
1. the amount of charge on each object
2. the distance between the charged objects
The space around a charged object in which another charged object experiences an electric force is called _____________________.
electric field
The force of attraction or repulsion on a charged particle that is due to an electric field is ____________.
electric force
The region around a charged object where an electric force is exerted on another charged object is the _____________________.
electric field
The force between charged objects is ____________________.
electric force
Electrons are ___________ charged.
negatively
Protons are ____________ charged.
positively
What does the law of electric charges state?
Like charges repel and opposite charges attract.
What 3 types of charge can an object have?
1. positive
2. negative
3. neutral (no charge)
Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and _____________________.
electrons
All matter is made of tiny particles called ______________.
atoms
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