Study Cardiac and Vascular Systems Flash Cards

 
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Cardiac and Vascular Systems

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What will the chemoreceptor reflex respond to?
RESPONDS TO THE NEED FOR INCREASED DEPTH AND RATE OF VENTILATION
What do chemoreceptors detect?
LACK OF OXYGEN
Chemoreceptor Reflex?
*RESPONDS TO THE NEED FOR INCREASED DEPTH AND RATE OF VENTILATION
*LOCATED ON THE CAROTID AND AORTIC BODIES AND DETECT LACK OF OXYGEN
*RESPOND TO AN INCREASE IN ATRIAL CO2 LEVELS.
Distention of the right atrium will cause what reflex to occur?
BAINBRIDGE REFLEX
When will the Bainbridge reflex occur?
WHEN MECHANORECEPTORS EMBEDDED WITHIN THE RIGHT ATRIAL MYOCARDIUM RESPOND TO AN INCREASE IN PRESSURE AND STRETCH.
(DISTENTION OF THE RIGHT ATRIUM)
What happens when the Bainbridge reflex is stimulated?
INCREASED SYMPATHETIC INPUT AND HEART RATE.

(THIS REFLEX CAN ALSO INFLUENCE A DECREASE IN HEART RATE WHEN THE HEART IS BEATING TOO FAST)
Mechanoreceptors that are sensitive to stretch and pressure peak in activity at approximately?
180 mm Hg
Purkinje fibers?
COMPOSE THE LAST PART OF THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART. THEY RELAY ELECTRICAL IMPULSES TO THE MUSCLE CELLS OF THE HEART
Compose the last part of the electrical conduction system of the heart. They relay electrical impulses to the muscle cells of the heart?
PURKINJE FIBERS
Compose the last part of the electrical conduction system?
PURKINJE FIBERS
Bundle of His?
THE BUNDLE OF HIS IS A GROUP OF FIBERS THAT INITIATES AT THE ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE, ENTERS THE INTERVENTRICULAR SYSTEM, AND SPLITS INTO THE LEFT AND RIGHT VENTRICLES. THE FIBERS BRANCH INTO SMALL PURKINJE FIBERS.
Located in the inferior wall of the right atrium close to the tricuspid valve?
ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE (AV NODE)
The atrioventricular node (AV) is AKA?
JUNCTIONAL NODE
Pacemaker of the heart?
SINOATRIAL NODE
Located near the right atrium near the superior vena cava and is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
SINOATRIAL NODE (SA NODE)
The primary artery that carries blood to the lungs from the right ventricle?
PULMONARY ARTERY
The primary vein that drains venous blood from the lower body and viscera into the right atrium?
INFERIOR VENA CAVA
The primary vein that drains venous blood from the head, neck, and upper body into the right atrium?
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
Provides blood to the lower body and visceral tissues?
DESCENDING AORTA
Provides blood to the head, neck, and arms?
ASCENDING AORTA
What are the divisions of the aorta?
*CAROTIDS
*SUBCLAVIANS
*DESCENDING AORTA
Largest artery which carries the total cardiac output. Divisions include the carotids, subclavians, and descending aorta?
AORTA
Semilunar valves?
BLOOD FROM EACH VENTRICLE FLOWS OUT OF THE HEART THROUGH THESE VALVES. THE VALVES CLOSE UPON SUBSEQUENT DIASTOLE TO AVOID BACKFLOW OF THE BLOOD INTO THE HEART.
Blood from each atria flows to each ventricle through these valves. The valves close upon ventricular contraction to avoid backflow?
ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
Prevents the systemic blood from returning to the left ventricle?
AORTIC VALVE
Prevents left ventricular blood from returning to the left atrium?
MITRAL VALVE
Prevents blood from returning to the right ventricle?
PULMONIC VALVE
Prevents right ventricular blood from going back into the right atrium?
TRICUSPID VALVE
Receives blood from the left atrium. Pushes blood into the aorta and the systemic circulation?
LEFT VENTRICLE
Receives arterial blood from the pulmonary veins?
LEFT ATRIUM
Receives blood from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve. Pushed blood into the pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation?
RIGHT VENTRICLE
Receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava?
RIGHT ATRIUM
A double-walled connective tissue sac (fibrous layer and serous layer) that surrounds the heart and protects it from trauma or infection?
PERICARDIUM
The thick layer of muscle of the hart that provides the pumping force for the ventricles?
MYOCARDIUM
A thin layer of tissue that lines the inside surface of the heart and valves?
ENDOCARDIUM
Located at the second intercostal space behind the sternum on the posterior aspect of the heart; it lies adjacent to the vertebral bodies of T6 through T9?
BASE
Located at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line; this represents the tip of the left ventricle?
APEX
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