Study Wounds Review Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Wounds Review

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Scars forming in a disorganized manner?
HYPERTROPHIC SCARRING/KELOID SCARRING
Normotrophic scarring?
SCARS FORMING IN AN ORGANIZED MANNER
The maturation phase of healing is AKA?
REMODELING PHASE
What are the factors that influence wound healing?
*AGE
*ILLNESS
*INFECTION
*LIFESTYLE
*MEDICATION
Ulcer?
LESION ON THE SURFACE OF THE SKIN OR THE SURFACE OF A MUCOUS MEMBRANE, PRODUCED BY THE SLOUGHING OF INFLAMMATORY, NECROTIC TISSUE.
A wound that is made by a sharp pointed instrument or object by penetrating thought the skin into underlying tissues?
PUNCTURE
A wound that enters into the interior of an organ or cavity?
PENETRATING WOUND
Laceration?
A WOUND OR IRREGULAR TEAR OF TISSUES THAT IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH TRAUMA.
Hematoma?
SWELLING OR MASS OF BLOOD LOCALIZED IN AN ORGAN, SPACE OR TISSUE, USUALLY CAUSED BY A BREAK IN A BLOOD VESSEL.
An injury in which the skin is not broken. The injury is characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration?
CONTUSION
A wound that occurs from the scraping away of the surface layers of the skin, often as a result of trauma?
ABRASION
How is non-selected debridement often performed?
*WET TO DRY DRESSINGS
*WOUND IRRIGATION
*HYDROTHERAPY (WHIRLPOOL)
Non-viable debridement is often termed?
MECHANICAL DEBRIDEMENT
This type of debridement involves removing both viable and non viable tissues?
NON-SELECTIVE DEBRIDEMENT
What is the purpose of autolytic debridement?
PROVIDES A MOIST WOUND ENVIRONMENT THAT PERMITS DEHYDRATION OF NECROTIC TISSUE AND ESCHAR TO ALLOW ENZYMES TO DIGEST THE NONVIABLE TISSUE
What are common methods of autolytic debridement?
*TRANSPARENT FILMS
*HYDROCOLLOIDS
*HYDROGELS
*ALGINATES
True/False

Autolytic debridement can be performed on infected wounds?
FALSE
Refers to using the body's own mechanisms to remove nonviable tissue?
AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
Enzymatic debridement?
*TOPICAL APPLICATION OF ENZYMES TO THE SURFACE OF NECROTIC TISSUE.
*CAN BE USED ON INFECTED AND NON INFECTED NECROTIC WOUNDS
What kind of debridement is necessary if autolytic debridement was unsuccessful?
ENZYMATIC DEBRIDEMENT
When is it proper to perform sharp debridement?
*MOST OFTEN USED ON WOUNDS WITH LARGE AMOUNTS OF THICK, ADHERENT, NECROTIC TISSUE.
*ALSO USED IN THE PRESENCE OF CELLULITIS AND SEPSIS
Selective debridement?
*REMOVING ONLY NON VIABLE TISSUE FROM A WOUND
*MOST OFTEN PERFORMED BY SHARP DEBRIDEMENT, ENZYMATIC DEBRIDEMENT, AND AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
List the dressings from moisture retentive to least retentive?
*ALGINATES
*SEMIPERMEABLE FOAM
*HYDROCOLLOIDS
*HYDROGELS
*SEMIPERMEABLE FILMS
List the dressings from most occlusive to non occlusive?
*HYDROCOLLOIDS
*HYDROGELS
*SEMIPERMEABLE FOAM
*SEMIPERMEABLE FILM
*IMPREGNATED GAUZE
*ALGINATES
*TRADITIONAL GAUZE
Secondary dressing?
PLACED DIRECTLY OVER THE PRIMARY DRESSING TO PROVIDE PROTECTION, ABSORPTION, AND/OR OCCLUSION
Primary dressing?
COMES INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITH THE SKIN
What are the disadvantages of using alginates?
*MAY REQUIRE FREQUENT DRESSING CHANGES BASED ON LEVEL OF EXUDATE
*REQUIRES A SECONDARY DRESSING
*CANNON BE USED ON WOUNDS WITH AN EXPOSED TENDON, JOINT CAPSULE OR BONE
What are the advantages of using alginates?
*HIGH ABSORPTION CAPACITY
*ENABLES AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
*OFFERS PROTECTION FROM MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION
*CAN BE USED ON INFECTED OR UNINFECTED WOUNDS
*NON-ADHERING TO WOUND
What are the indications for using Alginates?
*TYPICALLY USED ON PARTIAL AND FULL THICKNESS WOUNDS
(IE: PRESSURE WOUNDS OR VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY ULCERS)
*OFTEN USED ON INFECTED WOUNDS DUE TO THE LIKELIHOOD OF EXCESSIVE DRAINAGE
Consists of calcium salt of alganic acid that is extracted from seaweed?
ALGINATES
What are the disadvantages of using Gauze?
*HAS A TENDENCY TO ADHERE TO WOUND BED
*HIGHLY PERMEABLE AND THEREFORE REQUIRES FREQUENT DRESSING CHANGES
*INCREASED INFECTION RATE COMPARED TO OCCLUSIVE DRESSINGS
What are the advantages of using Gauze?
*READILY AVAILABLE, COST EFFECTIVE DRESSINGS
*CAN BE USED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER DRESSING OR TOPICAL AGENTS
*CAN MODIFY NUMBER OF LAYERS TO ACCOMMODATE FOR CHANGING WOUND STATUS
*CAN BE USED ON INFECTED OR UNINFECTED WOUNDS
What are the indications for using Gauze pads?
*COMMONLY USED ON INFECTED OR NON INFECTED WOUNDS OF ANY SIZE

*THE DRESSING CAN BE WET-TO-WET OR WET-TO-DRY DEBRIDEMENT
The most readily available dressing used in an inpatient environment?
GAUZE
What are the disadvantages of using transparent films?
*EXCESSIVE ACCUMULATION OF EXUDATES CAN RESULT IN PERIWOUND MACERATION
*ADHESIVE MAY TRAUMATIZE PERIWOUND AREA UPON REMOVAL
*CANNOT BE USED ON INFECTED WOUNDS
What are the advantages of using transparent films?
*PROVIDES A MOIST ENVIRONMENT FOR WOUND HEALING
*ENABLES AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
*ALLOWS VISUALIZATION OF THE WOUND
*RESISTANT TO SHEARING AND FRICTIONAL FORCES
*COST EFFECTIVE OVER TIME
Transparent films can be used on wounds with what kind of drainage?
MINIMAL
Highly elastic, conform to a variety of body contours, and allow easy visual inspection of the wound?
TRANSPARENT FILM
What are the disadvantages of foam dressings?
*MAY TEND TO ROLL IN AREAS OF EXCESSIVE FRICTION
*ADHESIVE FORM MAY TRAUMATIZE PERIWOUND AREA UPON REMOVAL
*LACK OF TRANSPARENCY MAKES INSPECTION OF WOUND DIFFICULT
What are the advantages of foam dressings?
*PROVIDES A MOIST ENVIRONMENT FOR WOUND HEALING
*AVAILABLE IN ADHESIVE AND NON ADHESIVE FORMS
*PROVIDES PROPHYLACTIC PROTECTION AND CUSHIONING
*ENCOURAGES AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
*PROVIDES MODERATE ABSORPTIONS
What are the indications for using a foam dressing?
PROVIDE PROTECTION OVER PARTIAL AND FULL THICKNESS WOUNDS
These dressing have a hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface?
FOAM DRESSINGS
True/False

Hydrogels are moisture retentive?
TRUE

THEY DO NOT ABSORB FLUID
What kind of wounds are hydrogels used for?
COMMONLY USED ON SUPERFICIAL AND PARTIAL THICKNESS WOUNDS
IE: ABRASIONS, BLISTERS, PRESSURE ULCERS THAT HAVE MINIMAL DRAINAGE
What kind of wounds are hydrocolloids used for?
PARTIAL AND FULL THICKNESS WOUNDS
What are the disadvantages of hydrocolloids?
*MAY TRAUMATIZE SURROUNDING INTACT SKIN UPON REMOVAL
*MAY TEND TO ROLL IN AREAS OF EXCESSIVE FRICTION
*CANNOT BE USED ON INFECTED WOUNDS
What are the advantages for hydrocolloids?
*PROVIDES A MOIST ENVIRONMENT FOR WOUND HEALING
*ENABLES AUTOLYTIC DEBRIDEMENT
*OFFERS PROTECTION FROM MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION
*PROVIDES MODERATE ABSORPTION
*DOES NOT REQUIRE A SECONDARY DRESSING
*PROVIDES A WATERPROOF SURFACE
Hydrocolloids?
*ABSORB EXUDATE BY SWELLING INTO A GEL-LIKE MASS AND VARY FROM BEING OCCLUSIVE TO SEMIPERMEABLE.

*THE DRESSING DOES NOT ATTACH TO THE ACTUAL WOUND ITSELF AND IS INSTEAD ANCHORED TO THE INTACT SKIN SURROUNDING THE WOUND
What is a good thing to have a patient do to assist in decreasing pain do to a venous ulcer?
ELEVATE THE LEG
What kind of tissue changes occur with a venous ulcer?
FLAKING, DRY SKIN; BROWNISH DISCOLORATION
True/False

The skin temperature is normal on patients with a venous ulcer?
TRUE
True/False

A patient with a venous ulcer will often experience increased edema?
TRUE
What is the characteristic of the pulse of a venous ulcer?
NORMAL
What kind of pain to patients experience with a venous ulcer?
MILD TO MODERATE PAIN
What is the appearance of a venous ulcer?
IRREGULAR SHAPE AND SHALLOW
Where will you find a venous ulcer?
MEDIAL MALLEOLUS
What do you not want to do while treating an arterial wound?
ELEVATE THE WOUND

*THIS WILL FURTHER DECREASE BLOOD FLOW
What kind of tissue changes will occur do to an arterial wound?
*THIN AND SHINY SKIN
*HAIR LOSS
*YELLOW NAILS
True/False

An arterial wound will have a decreased temperature due to an increase in blood flow?
FALSE

*WILL HAVE DECREASED TEMP HOWEVER, IS BECAUSE OF A LACK OF BLOOD FLOW
True/False

An arterial wound will typically have severe edema?
FALSE

NORMAL
An arterial wound will have what kind of pulse?
DIMINISHED
What kind of pain do patients experience with an arterial wound?
SEVERE PAIN
What does an arterial wound look like?
SMOOTH EDGES, WELL DEFINED; LACK GRANULATION TISSUE, TEND TO BE DEEP
Where can you expect to find an arterial ulcer?
LOWER ONE-THIRD OF LEG, TOES, WEB SPACES, (DISTAL TOES, DORSAL FOOT, LATERAL MALLEOLUS)
What are the key functions of the integumentary system?
*EXCRETION OF SWEAT
*PROTECTION
*SENSATION
*THERMORGEGULATION
*VITAMIN D SYNTHESIS
A person with atherosclerosis will likely suffer form what kind of wound?
ATERIAL INSUFFICIENCY ULCER
How do pressure ulcers occur?
FROM SUSTAINED OR PROLONGED PRESSURE AT LEVELS GREATER THAN THE LEVEL OF CAPILLARY PRESSURE ON THE TISSUE.
Pressure of the skin over a bony prominence will result in what?
LOCALIZED TISSUE ISCHEMIA AND OR TISSUE NECROSIS.
Pressure ulcers are AKA?
DECUBITUS ULCERS
Where are neuropathic ulcers typically found?
ON THE PLANTAR SURFACE OF THE FOOT, BENEATH THE METATARSAL HEAD.
Ischemia?
A RESTRICTION OF BLOOD SUPPLY, GENERALLY DUE TO FACTORS IN THE BLOOD VESSELS.
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