Study Mr Johnson History Chapter Four Vocabulary Flash Cards

 
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Mr Johnson History Chapter Four Vocabulary

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Woven goods. These valuable goods included cotton cloth from Egypt and wool carpets from Persia.
textiles
Wrote a history of the world that tried to explain the rise and fall of dynasties.
Ibn Khaldun
A written record issued by one bank that allows a person to take money out of another bank. A Baghdad bank, for example, might provide funds to a merchant carrying a _______ from a bank in Cairo.
letter of credit
marketplace
souk
The ability to rise in society.
social mobility
Having to do with a city or cities.
urban
religious school
madrasa
Marriage to more than one spouse
polygamy
Tower where a muezzin would call people to prayer.
minaret
Muslim religious leader
imam
These laws are collected in the Islamic law code. An Arabic word meaning “the way that leads to God.”
Sharia
A Muslim ruler
sultan
The first Abbasid ruler was a ruthless man known as the “blood spiller.” He lived up to his name by inviting the surviving members of the Umayyad family to dinner and beheading them all.
Abu al-Abbas
A written agreement between countries or peoples.
treaty
A family that holds political power through many generations. Under the Umayyads, the caliph was no longer selected by Muslim leaders. Instead, rule was passed down within the family.
dynasty
As Muslims conquered new lands, they needed to form a government for the lands they held. A government ruled by a caliph.
caliphate
Having many small details
elaborate
Decorative writing. Beautifully written passages from the Qur’an were painted in books, carved onto walls, and woven into textiles.
calligraphy
Pattern of curved shapes and lines resembling flowers or vines. It appeared on everything from metal boxes to rugs and palace walls.
arabesque
An instrument that is designed to measure and plot the position of stars. Muslims used it to determine times for prayers and the direction of Mecca. Later, the it became a key tool that helped sailors determine a ship’s location at sea.
astrolabe
Studied Aristotle and tried to integrate faith and reason. His work influenced scholars in Europe, where he was known by his Latin name, Averroës.
Ibn Rushd
The greatest Muslim doctor was known as Avicenna in Europe. He was a Persian physician who wrote many books on medicine, philosophy, and other topics. His most famous work was a medical encyclopedia, a book that covered every disease and treatment known at that time. After it was translated into Latin, it became the standard medical text in Europe for hundreds of years.
Ibn Sina
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