Study Chap 1 review (Musculoskeletal System) Flash Cards

 
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Chap 1 review (Musculoskeletal System)

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Medial rotator muscles of the shoulder?
-SUBSCAPULARIS
-TERES MAJOR
-PECTORALIS MAJOR
-LATISSIMUS DORSI
-ANTERIOR DELTOID
Shoulder adductor muscles?
-PECTORALIS MAJOR
-LATISSIMUS DORSI
-TERES MAJOR
Muscles that extend the shoulder?
-LATISSIMUS DORSI
-SUBSCAPULARIS
-POSTERIOR DELTOID
-TERES MAJOR
Shoulder lateral rotator muscles?
-TERES MINOR
-INFRASPINATUS
-POSTERIOR DELTOID
Shoulder abductor muscles?
-MIDDLE DELTOID
-SUPRASPINATUS
Shoulder flexor muscles?
-ANTERIOR DELTOID
-CORACOBRACHIALIS
-PECTORALIS MAJOR
-BICEPS BRACHII
-SUPRASPINATUS
Muscles that downwardly rotate the scapula?
-RHOMBOIDS
-LEVATOR SCAPULAE
-PECTORALIS MINOR
Muscles responsible for retracting the scapula?
TRAPEZIUS
-RHOMBOIDS
Muscles that depress the scapula?
-LATISSIMUS DORSI
-PECTORALIS MAJOR
-PECTORALIS MINOR
-LOWER TRAPEZIUS
Muscles that upwardly rotate the scapula?
-UPPER TRAPEZIUS
-SERRATUS ANTERIOR
-LOWER TRAPEZIUS
Muscles that protract the scapula?
-SERRATUS ANTERIOR
-PECTORALIS MAJOR
-PECTORALIS MINOR
Muscles that elevate the scapula?
-UPPER TRAPEZIUS
-LEVATOR SCAPULAE
What muscles are responsible for rotation and lateral bending of the trunk?
-PSOAS MAJOR
-QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
-EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
-INTERNAL OBLIQUE
-MULTIFIDUS
-LONGISSIMUS THORACIS
-ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS
-ROTATORES
What muscles are responsible for extension of the trunk?
-ERECTOR SPINAE
-QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
-MULTIFIDUS
What muscles are responsible for flexing the trunk?
-RECTUS ABDOMINIS
-INTERNAL OBLIQUE
-EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
What muscles extend the neck?
-SPLENIUS CERVICIS
-SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS
-ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS
-LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS
-MULTIFIDUS
-TRAPEZIUS
What muscles are involved with rotation and lateral bending of the neck?
-STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
-SCALENUS MUSCLES
-SPLENIUS CERVICIS
-LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS
-ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS
-LEVATOR SCAPULAE
-MULTIFIDUS
Which muscles flex the neck?
-STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
-LONGUS COLI
-SCALENUS MUSCLES
Muscles that move the Temporomandibular joint from side to side?
-MEDIAL PTERGOID
-LATERAL PTERGOID
-MASSETER
-TEMPORALIS
Retrusion muscles of the Temporomandibular joint?
-TEMPORALIS
-MASSETER
-DIGASTRIC
Protrusion muscles of the Temporomandibular joint?
-MASSETER
-LATERAL PTERGOID
-MEDIAL PTERGOID
What muscles elevate the Temporomandibular joint?
-TEMPORALIS
-MASSETER
-MEDIAL PTERGOID
What muscles depress the Temporomandibular joint
-LATERAL PTERYGOID
-SUPRAHOYID
-INFRAHYOID
This joint receptor is most sensitive to the compression of a joint capsule?
GOLGI-MAZZONI CORPUSCLES
Pacinian corpuscles are most sensitive to what kind of sensations?
-HIGH FREQUENCY VIBRATION
-ACCELERATION AND HIGH VELOCITY CHANGES IN JOINT POSTION
Stimulated by rapid movements of tissue and are quickly adapting?
PACINIAN CORPUSCLES
Found in joint capsules and assist with joint position sense?
RUFFINI ENDINGS
Ruffini Endings are most sensitive to what?
-STRETCHING OF JOINT CAPSULE
-AMPLITUDE
-VELOCITY OF JOINT POSITION
Where are Ruffini Endings located?
-DEEPER LAYERS OF THE DERMIS
-FIBROUS LAYER OF JOINT CAPSULE
What are the names of the joint receptors?
-FREE NERVE ENDINGS
-GOLGI LIGAMENT ENDINGS
-GOLGI-MAZZONI CORPUSCLES
-PACINIAN CORPUSCLES
-RUFFINI ENDINGS
What will the stimulation of free nerve endings result in?
PERCEPTION OF PAIN, TEMPERATURE, TOUCH, PRESSURE, TICKLE, AND ITCH SENSATIONS
What are the locations of free nerve endings?
-JOINT CAPSULE
-LIGAMENTS
-SYNOVIUM
-FAT PADS
The lateral ligaments of the ankle?
-ANTERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
-ANTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
-CALCANEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
-POSTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
The medial ligament of the ankle?
DELTOID LIGAMENT
The distal end of the tibia and fibula form a?
MORTISE (WHICH BORDERS THE TALUS)

*THE BONY ARRANGEMENT PROVIDES THE ANKLE WITH GOOD LATERAL STABILITY
The ankle is formed by the articulation of what structures?
TIBIA AND FIBULA WITH THE TALUS
The ankle is classified as what kind of joint?
HINGE JOINT
Stability of the knee is provided by what structures?
-ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
-POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT
-MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
-LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
-DEEP MEDIAL CAPSULAR LIGAMENT
Stability of the hip is provided by what?
-ACETABULUM
-ILIOFEMORAL LIGAMENT
-PUBOFEMORAL LIGAMENT
-ISCHIOFEMORAL LIGAMENT
The knee is extremely weak in terms of what?
IT'S BONY ARRANGEMENT
What kind of joint is the knee classified as?
HINGE JOINT
The hip is formed by the articulation of?
ARTICULATION OF THE FEMUR WITH THE INNOMINATE BONE
The hip is classified as what kind of joint?
BALL AND SOCKET JOINT
Motion of the wrist consists of?
-FLEXION
-EXTENSION
-RADIAL DEVIATION
-ULNAR DEVIATION
What is the wrist complex consisted of?
RADIOCARPAL AND MIDCARPAL JOINTS
The elbow joint capsule is reinforces by what?
-ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
-RADIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
Flexion and extension of the elbow occur at the articulation of what bone?
TROCHLEA

*THE TROCHLEA IS LOCATED AT THE DISTAL END OF THE HUMERUS AND ARTICULATES WITH THE ULNA
What does the elbow articulate with?
-HUMERUS
-ULNA
-RADIUS
What kind of joint is the elbow?
HINGE JOINT

*UNIAXIAL JOINT
*ONE MOTION AROUND A SINGLE AXIS IN ONE PLANE OF THE BODY
What is the capsule of the glenohumeral joint reinforced by?
-SUPERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT
-MIDDLE GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT
-INFERIOR GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENT
-CORACOHUMERAL LIGAMENT
What is composed of the glenohumeral joint?
THE ROUND HEAD OF THE HUMERUS ARTICULATES WITH THE SHALLOW GLENOID CAVITY OF THE SCAPULA
The glenohumeral joint is classified as what kind of joint?
BALL AND SOCKET JOINT

*DIARTHROSES/SYNOVIAL JOINT
What is composed of acromioclavicular joint?
THE LATERAL END OF THE CLAVICLE ARTICULATING WITH THE ACROMION OF THE SCAPULA.
The sternoclavicular joint is composed of?
THE CLAVICLE ARTICULATING WITH THE MANUBRIUM OF THE STERNUM
What are the 4 articulations of the shoulder?
-STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT
-ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT
-GLENOHUMERAL JOINT
-SCAPULOTHORACIC ARTICULATION
The hip joint is classified as what kind of joint?
BALL AND SOCKET

*MULTI-AXIAL IN NATURE
*MOVEMENT OCCURS IN THREE PLANES AND AROUND THREE AXES
The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is classified as what kind of joint?
CONDYLOID

*BIAXIAL IN NATURE
*MOVEMENT OCCURS IN TWO PLANES AND AROUND TWO AXES THROUGH THE CONVEX/CONCAVE SURFACES
The metarcarpophalangeal joint of a finger is classified as what kind of joint?
CONDYLOID

*BIAXIAL IN NATURE
*MOVEMENT OCCURS IN TWO PLANES AND AROUND TWO AXES THROUGH THE CONVEX/CONCAVE SURFACES
The atlantoaxial joint is knows as what kind of joint?
PIVOT JOINT

*UNIAXIAL IN NATURE
*ONE MOTION AROUND A SINGLE AXIS IN ONE PLANE OF THE BODY
The elbow is classifies as what kind of joint?
HINGE JOINT

*A HINGE JOINT IN UNIAXIAL IN NATURE
*ONE MOTION AROUND A SINGLE AXIS IN ONE PLANE OF THE BODY
Multi-axial joint?
MOVEMENT OCCURS IN THREE PLANES AD AROUND THREE AXES.
Biaxial joint?
MOVEMENT OCCURS IN TWO PLANES AND AROUND TWO AXES THROUGH THE CONVEX/CONCAVE SURFACES
Uniaxial joint?
ONE MOTION AROUND A SINGLE AXIS IN ONE PLANE OF THE BODY
Diarthroses joints are classified into three categories knows as?
-UNIAXIAL JOINT
-BIAXIAL JOINT
-MULTI-AXIAL JOINT
Synovial joints are AKA?
DIARTHROSES
Reduces friction between bones and helps to absorb shock?
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
These joints provide free movement between the bones they join?
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Where do all symphyses occur in the body?
AT THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY

IE: PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
Hyaline cartilage?
-CONTAINS A RESILIENT GEL AND APPEARS AS A BLUISH-WHITE SUBSTANCE

-THE MOST ABUNDANT CARTILAGE IN THE BODY.

-PROVIDES FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT AND, AT JOINTS, REDUCES FRICTION AND ABSORBS SHOCK

-THE WEAKEST OF THE THREE TYPES OF CARTILAGE
What are the two types of amphiarthroses joints?
-SYNCHONDROSES
-SYMPHYSES
These classifications of joints lack a synovial cavity and allow little to no movement?
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS AND SYNARTHROSIS JOINTS
Synostosis?
A JOINT IN WHICH THERE IS A COMPLETE FUSION OF TWO SEPARATE BONES INTO ONE BONE
True/False

Fibrous joints lack a synovial cavity, and the articulating bones are held very closely together by dense irregular connective tissue?
TRUE
What does the functional classification of joints depend on?
DEPENDS ON THE DEGREE OF MOVEMENT THEY PERMIT.
Diarthrosis?
A FREELY MOVABLE JOINT

*ALL DIARTHROSES ARE SYNOVAL JOINTS.
A slightly moveable joint?
AMPHIARTHROSIS
Joint classification of synchondrosis/cartilaginous joints?
-SYNCHONDROSIS
-SYMPHYSIS
These are slightly moveable joints?
CARTILAGINOUS AKA AMPHIARTHROSES
Cartilaginous joints are AKA?
AMPHIARTHROSES
Joint classification of Fibrous Joints (Synarthroses)?
-SUTURE
-SYNDESMOSIS
-GOMPHOSIS

*ALL ARE NON SYNOVIAL AND OFFER LITTLE TO NO MOVEMENT
This type of joint describes a cone-shaped peg that fits into a socket?
GOMPHOSIS JOINT
Gomphosis (gompbo =?)
BOLT OR NAIL
True/False?

Gomphosis joints permit no movement?
TRUE

SYNARTHROSES JOINTS: PERMITS LITTLE TO NO MOVEMENT
Example of a gomphosis joint
A TOOTH IN IT'S SOCKET
True/False?

Gomphosis = Amphiarthroses?
FALSE

SYNARTHROSES: LITTLE TO NO MOVEMENT/NON SYNOVIAL
*Bone connected to bone by a dense fibrous membrane or cord

*Very little motion?
SYNDESMOSIS
What is an example of a syndesmosis?
DISTAL TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT

(PERMITS LIMITED TO NO MOVEMENT)
Syndesmosis?
IS A FIBROUS JOINT IN WHICH THERE IS A GREATER DISTANCE BETWEEN THE ARTICULATING SURFACES AND MORE DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE.

IE: DISTAL TIBIOFIBULAR JOINT
Syndesmosis (syndesmo =?)
BAND OR LIGAMENT
An immovable joint?
SUTURE

AKA SYNARTHROSES
The eventual fusion of two bones is termed?
SYNOSTOSIS
True/False

Joints that are synarthroses in nature are synovial joints?
FALSE

SYNARTHROSES JOINTS ARE NOT SYNOVIAL
At birth, mesenchyme-filled spaces called ______________ are present between the cranial bones?
FONTANELS

*COMMONLY CALLED SOFT SPOTS
An immovable joint?
SUTURE JOINT
What is an example of a synarthroses joint?
AKA FIBROUS JOINT

(SUTURE JOINTS OF THE SKULL)
A form of articulation in which the bones are rigidly joined by firbrous tissue.
SYNARTHROSES
Fibrous joints are AKA?
SYNARTHROSES
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