Study Digestive System Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Digestive System

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nuclease digests _______
nucleic acid
proteases digests ______
protein
lipase digests _______
fats
amylase digests _______
carbs
________ in the villi carry these digestive products to all parts of the body.
capillaries
The structure in the small intestines that is responsible for absorbing the vitamins and nutrients is ______.
the microvilli
Most enzymes and chemicals secreted by the duodenum come from _______.
liver and pancreas
Chemical digestion occurs as a result of the action of ________.
hydrochloric acid, saliva, and pepsin.
lactose intolerance is caused by deficiencey of lactase which is an enzyme that digests lactose.
pancrease
Secretes amylase which digests carbs, lipase which digests fats, proteases which digests proteins, and nuclease which digest nucleic acids.
pancrease
Stores bile from the liver.
gallbladder
Secretes bile which digests fats, forms glucose, destroys damaged red blood cells, and stores vitamin D.
liver
Secretes amylase which digests carbohydrates.
salivary glands
What are the accessory organs?
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Anal sphincter
anal canal
Made of longitudinal tissue
rectum
What vitamin is absorbed in the large intestines?
K
The main functions of the large intestine is to ______.
reabsorb water and store and compact indigestible fibrous material
What are the parts of the large intestines?
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
Most absorbtion of nutrients occurs in the _______.
small intestines
Because of the large amount of wear and tear on the small intestines, the cells in this area are replaced _______.
every few days
What are the three parts of the small intestines?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
When digestive enzymes eat through the stomach lining, they can cause an ______.
ulcer
The semisolid mixture of food, acid, and enzymes in the stomach is _____.
chyme
Hydrochloric acid is secreted by cells in the gastric pits which are found on the __________.
stomach's inner wall
Pepsin and hydrochloric acid begin the digestion of _____.
protein
Heartburn is caused by effects of gastric juice on the ______.
esophagus
Both air and food pass through.
pharynx
Salivary glands secrete amylase which digests carbohydrates.
mouth
Sequence of layers within the wall of the alimentary canal from inside to the outside:
mucous membrane, submucosa, muscular layer, serous layer
What is the wave-like movement of the food through the digestive system from the pharynx to the anus?
peristalsis
This is controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
alimentary canal
What two parts can the digestive system be divided into?
alimentary canal and accessory organs
The amino acids that the human body can not manufacture are _______.
essential amino acids
Proteins made of ______ provide the body with enzymes, antibodies, and muscles.
amino acids
What are the body's main source of fuel or energy?
Carbohydrates
Nutrients provide the body with the energy and materials it needs for ______.
growth, repair, and maintenance
What is the function of the digestive system?
-to chemically break down food
-mechanically break apart food
-absorb nutrients
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