Study BMB 401H quiz chap 12 Flash Cards

 
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BMB 401H quiz chap 12

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Freeze fracture methods
Freeze membrane to -196C
-Fracture membrane with cold microtome knife to split bilayer
-Metallic replica is made
-studied by TEM
Fluid mosaic model
Membrane are fluid structures of lipid and protein allowing rotation and lateral movement. Proteins are like icebergs floating in membrane ocean
-Sendai virus: yield hybrid cell named heterokaryon proves model to be correct
-Label mouse proteins with antibodies that flouesces green and then humans red
-after 40min at 37C, proteins intermingled
-slower when at 15C
integral proteins
-Tightly bound
-only removed by detergents
-asymmetrically located in membrane.
Biological Membranes
-proteins in lipid bilayer
-Lipid composition varies according to source of membrane
-most membranes one half protein
Membrane phase transition
all membranes have a melting temperature or transition temperature
Below this T, the carbon-carbon bonds of lipid chain are in closely packed and is gel like.
Florescence photobleaching recovery technique
-LASER BLEACHES FLORESCENT MARKERS
-florescent recovery rate depends on diffusion rate of labeled molecule
lateral diffusion
-rapid
-proteins, too
transverse diffusion
-slow
Liposomes
-stable
-used for drug delivery
-fuse with cell membrane and dump ingredients inside cell.
-impermeable to polar or ionic substances
-permeable to water.
CMC
-critical micelle []
-when fatty acids form micelles
-
Cholesterol
-major component of animal plasma membrane
-cholesterol important in determining membrane properties
Gangliosides
-determinants in cell cell recognition
-Disorder in ganglioside breakdown is responsible for hereditary sphingolipid storage diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease: fatal neurological deterioration
-ceramide oligosaccharides that include at least one sialic acid residue
Sphingolipids
-major membrane component
-Spingomyelins are most common sphingolipids
Plasmalogens
-ether linked
Common Classes of Glycerophospholipids
-phospahtidic acid
-phosphatidylethanolamine
-phosphatidylcholine
-phosphatidylserine
-phosphatidylinositiol
-phosphatidylglycerol
Phospholipids
-Fatty acid on carbon 1 and 2, phosphate on 3
-Phosphatidic acid is parent compound
Triacyglycerols (triacylglycerides)
-3 fatty acids esterified to glycerol
-major energy reserve in animals
-hydrolysis with base is saponification (soap)
-good insulators
Mixed triacylglycerols have different fatty acids
arachidonic acid
-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid
-CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)5(CH2)2COOH
linolenic acid
-9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid
-CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)3(CH2)6COOH
linoleic acid
-9, 12-octadecadienoic
-CH3(CH2)4(CH=CHCH2)2(CH2)6COOH
oleic acid
-9-octadecanoic acid
-CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH)7COOH
stearic acid
-octadecanoic acid
-CH3(CH2)16COOH
palmitic acid
-hexadecanoic acid
-CH3(CH2)14COOH
fatty acids
-composed of hydrocarbon tail and carboxy head
-rarely exist freely
-usually esterified
-14-24 carbons
lipid info
-Classified based on organic solvent solubility
-Fatty acids
-un/poly/saturated
-double bonds usually cis
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