Study BMB 401H quiz Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
BMB 401H quiz

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penicillin
-interferes w/ cell wall synthesis and breakdown
peptidoglycan layer
-linear chains of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
-lactic acid
-ala-isoglu-lys-ala peptidoglycan linkages
gram negative
-cytoplasm
-PM
-periplasmic space
-peptidoglycan layer
-outer membrane
gram positive
-cytoplasm
-PM
-peptidoglycan layer
glucosidase
-removes 1 glucose at a time
amylase
-catalyzes random cleavages
how many reducing ends in branched chain?
-1
-OH can open up to =O free aldehyde
-other end can't give free aldehyde; would have to break glycosidic bond
cellulose
-B1-4 linkages glycosidic bonds
-we can't digest
sucrose
-both anomeric carbons in linkage, thus not a reducing sugar
difference b/w maltose and cellibose?
-maltose= alpha linkages, product of starch
-cellibose= beta linkages, product of cellulose
Methylation analysis
-know: Methyl ethers can't be hydrolyzed
-polysaccharide exhaustively methylated
-hydrolyzed
-Free OH groups of resulting methylated monosaccharides mark former positions of glycosidic bonds
polysaccarides
-aka glycans
-consist of monosacchrides linked by glycosidic bonds
-branched or linear
-
glucose family
-glucose
-glucosamine
-N-acetyl B D glucosamine
-B D glucose 6 phosphate
-muramic acid
-N-acetylmuramic acid
-B D glucuronate
-D gluconate
-D glucono gamma lactone
ascorbic acid
-gamma lactone
-from uronic acid
if uronic acids internally esterify
-forms 5- and 6- membered lactones
lactone
-ester
-acid + alcohol
-smells yummy
-uronic acids form internal esters (like lactone)
oxidation of primary alcohols of aldoses leads to...
...uronic acids
-glucuronic acid
-galacturonic acid
-mannuronic acid
glycosidic bond
-equal to peptide bonds for proteins
-links carbs to something else via ester
boat/chair conformations
know. them.
anomeric carbon
-C with carbonyl
beta carbon
-OH on opposite side
-B or balanced!
alpha carbon
-OH of anomeric carbon on same side as O of highest chiral carbon of Fisher projection
cyclic structures
-ex: fructose
-furanose and pyranose structures can also be drawn
-depends on what more stable structure is
-ketones generally furanose structures
know structures of these ketoses
-dihydroxyacetone
-ribulose
-xylulose
-fructose
know structures of these aldoses
-glyceraldehyde
-erthrose
-threose
-ribose
-xylose
-glucose
-mannose
-galactose
sugar chirality
-D sugars predominate in nature
basic sugar info
-Carbons fixed by photosynthesis made into carbo (CH2O)n
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