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In infants and children, this is usually seen in response to a fever or dehydration?
SINUS TACHYCARDIA
1 year to 8 years of age?
THE CHILD
28 days to 1 year
THE INFANT
From the first hours of life to the first 28 days?
THE NEONATE
From the first minutes to the first hours of life?
THE NEWLY BORN
What are the keys to successful resuscitation in the pediatric population?
-ADDRESSING LOW OXYGEN STATES
-TREATING THE UNDERLYING CAUSE
What is the most common cause of irregular heart rhythms?
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
What is the heart rate of someone with sinus tachycardia?
100-150 BPM
What is the heart rate of a patient with supraventricular tachycardia or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?
150-250 BPM
This is the primary pace maker site?
SA NODE
Contraction and relaxation of the heart are what kind of events?
MECHANICAL
A normal P wave will have how many boxes?
3 small boxes
(0.12 second wide)
One large box on an ECG =?
0.20 second
One small box on an ECG =?
0.04 second
Occurs when there is no communication between the atria and the ventricles?
COMPLETE HEART BLOCK
An intermittent block at the AV node that conducts some impulses normally but completely blocks other?
SECOND DEGREE AV HEART BLOCK
(MOBITZ TYPE II)
In first degree AV heart block, the impulse is delayed at the?
AV JUNCTION
Heart blocks most commonly affect the?
AV JUNCTION
Is not a rhythm but the absence of all electrical activity?
ASYSTOLE
Is the beating of many weak ectopic foci in the ventricles, resulting in an uncoordinated undulation instead of a coordinated contraction?
VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
is the result of one strong ventricular ectopic focus that hijacks the conduction system of the heart?
VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
What does the T represent?
THE HEART REPOLARIZING (RELAXING)

ALSO REFERRED TO AS THE REFRACTORY PERIOD.
What is the function of the bundle of his, left and right bundle branches, and the purkinje fibers?
TO CONTRACT THE VENTRICLES
What does the QRS complex represent?
THE DEPOLARIZATION (CONTRACTION) OF THE VENTRICLES.
What does the P-R interval represent?
THE DEPOLARIZATION OF THE HEART FROM THE ATRIA THROUGH THE AV NODE
Where is the P-R interval measured?
FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE P WAVE TO THE BEGINNING OF THE QRS COMPLEX.
What does the P-R interval represent?
THE TIME IS TAKES FOR AN ELECTRICAL IMPULSE TO BE CONDUCTED THROUGH THE ATRIA AND THE AV NODE.
The function of the SA node is to contract the?
ATRIA
What does the P wave represent?
THE DEPOLARIZATION (CONTRACTION) OF THE ATRIA.
Cells get injured from a lack of oxygen, and they build up waste products. This results in a three-stage process of damage to the cells. These three stages are?
ISCHEMIA, INJURY, INFARCT
When are the only times you will shock a patient?
-A PATIENT IN VF
-A PATIENT IN VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA WITH A PULSE OF 180 OR GREATER.
When should you ONLY shock a patient with Ventricular Tachycardia?
SHOCK ONLY IF PULSE IS 180 OR GREATER
How many shocks should you deliver before transporting the patient to the ambulance?
3 SHOCKS
What is the maximum amount of time you should take to shock a patient in VF?
SHOCK WITHIN 90 SECONDS
60 cycle artifact means?
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE
What should you check if there is a 60 cycle artifact or movement artifact on the ECG paper?
-CHECK THE PATIENT
-CHECK MONITOR
The term artifact means?
INTERFERENCE
ECG monitor paper comes out at how much per second?
25mm per second
What is the only effective treatment for ventricular fibrillation?
DEFIBRILLATION
Is the chaotic, uncoordinated beating of the ventricles which produces no cardiac output, and consequently, no pulse or blood pressure?
VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
The QRS complex is preceded by a?
P WAVE
Describe the blood flow through the heart starting with the body?
-BODY
-SUPERIOR/INFERIOR VENA CAVAE
-RIGHT ATRIUM
TRICUSPID VALVE
-RIGHT VENTRICLE
-PULMONIC VALVE
-PULMONARY ARTERY
-LUNGS
-PULMONARY VEIN
-LEFT ATRIUM
-BICUSPID VALVE (MITRAL VALVE)
-LEFT VENTRICLE
-AORTIC VALVE
-AORTA
Where are the left and right ventricles located in the heart?
AT THE APEX OF THE HEART

(APEX IS THE BOTTOM)
Where are the left and right atrium located in the heart?
THE BASE OF THE HEART

(BASE OF HEART IS AT THE TOP)
An oxygen-deprived cell is known as what?
IRRITABLE FOCUS
What is it called when an oxygen deprived cell goes off and fires on it's own?
ECTOPIC OR ABERRANT ACTIVITY
Repolarizing is called?
THE REFRACTORY PERIOD
What does the T wave represent on an ECG?
REPRESENT THE HEART REPOLARIZING
What does the QRS complex represent on an ECG?
THE DEPOLARIZATION OF THE VENTRICLES
The is measured from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex?
THE P-R INTERVAL
What is the P-R interval represent on an ECG?
THE TIME IS TAKES FOR AN ELECTRICAL IMPULSE TO BE CONDUCTED THROUGH THE ATRIA AND THE AV NODE
What does the P wave represent on an ECG?
THE DEPOLARIZATION PHASE OF THE ATRIA
The positive electrode on an ECG is called?
THE EYE
What is the final phase of each heartbeat?
REFRACTORY PHASE (RELAXATION)
The cells in the heart fire at what rate?
20-40 BPM
The bundle branches carry impulses to?
THE PURKINJE FIBERS
The bundle of his carries impulses from the AV node to what?
THE RIGHT AND LEFT BUNDLE BRANCHES
The AV node further conducts impulses to what?
THE BUNDLE OF HIS
The atrioventricular node (AV) is referred to as?
THE GATEKEEPER
The AV node beats how many times per minute?
40-60
The SA node beats at how many times per minute?
60-100
When the heart is susceptible to strong stimulation?
RELATIVE REFRACTORY
Relaxation of the heart is also known as?
REPOLARIZATION
The contraction of the heart is also known as?
DEPOLARIZATION
The cardiac cycle consists of two phases called?
CONTRACTION & RELAXATION
What separates the heart between left and right?
THE SEPTUM
The right side of the heart pumps what kind of blood?
DEOXYGENATED BLOOD
The left side of the heart pumps what kind of blood?
OXYGENATED BLOOD
The two bottom chambers of the heart are called the?
VENTRICLES
The two top chambers of the heart are called the?
ATRIA
Approximately how much does the heart weigh?
ABOUT 11 OUNCES
Where is the heart located in the human body?
RETRO STERNUM, SLIGHTLY LEFT OF CENTER
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