Study BIOL 472 Topic Special Senses Flash Cards

 
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BIOL 472 Topic Special Senses

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ruffini corpuscles
-stimulated by stretch of skin
-in deep layers of skin
-sustained pressure
pacinian corpuscles
-senses vibration
-in deep layers of skin
meissner's corpuscle
-responds to flutter and stroking mvts
-in superficial layers of skin
muscle spindle
-muscle receptors that send signal about muscle length
golgi tendon organs
-receptors found at muscle/tendon junctions
-respond to stretch and contraction of muscle
generator potentials
-capable of "adaptation"
ruffini end organs
-sustained pressure
-stimulated by stretch of skin
-in deep layers of skin
hair root plexus
-weave around hair root
skin receptor types
-pressure/touch
-temp
-pain
olfactory
-Olfactory Nerve I
-bipolar receptors (olfactory cells) synapse with secondary neurons in olfactory bulb
-bipolar receptors only neurons that overturn (60 day cycle)
-1000 different odor receptors
nerves in taste
Facial Nerve VII
Glassopharyngeal Nerve IX
Vagus X to a lesser extent
-Hypoglossal XII is motor to tongue
-Trigeminsl V is general sensation for tongue
Tastes
-all trigger Ca+2 entry
-neurotransmitter released
-dissolve in saliva
-interact with apical membrane
-intracellular Ca+2 signals in all
-triggers exocytosis of neurotransmitter
--intiates a series of APs in the sensory neuron
salty
-tip and lateral
-Na+ accumulates
-triggers AP
Sour
-lateral
-H+ closes K+ channels
-triggers AP
Sweet
-tip
-trigger ligand binding
-changes cAMP
bitter
-rear
-triggers receptor binding
-changes IP3
taste
-chemoreceptors
-5 sensations: sour, sweet, salty, bitter, umami (glutamate and some nucleotides; MSG)
muscles and joints
-proprioception: muslce spindles/golgi tendon organs
-position of muscles/joints
-knee jerk reflex prevents over stretching
pain
-naked nerve endings in skin
-dermatones and referred pain (multiple primary sensory neurons converge on a single ascending tract; get messed up)
temperature
-naked nerve ending sin skin
pressure/touch
-pacinian corpuscles: respond to vibrations; deep layer of skin

-meissner's corpuscles: flutter, stroking; shallow layers in skin
skin
-many different receptors
-3 major modalities:
1. pressure/touch
2. temp
3. pain
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