Study Drug - Ch.3 Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Drug - Ch.3

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Commercial prod. of pure morphine from opium in the _______ was followed by the introduction of the hypodermicsyringe in the _______.
1830s


1850s
The US gov. made a decision in _____ to make haroin completely unavailable to users in this country.
1924
The US estimates that only about ___ % of the world's population uses illicit drugs.
3
The DEA has agents in more than ____ countries.
40
Most test kits look for (4):
Marijuana
opioids
amphetamines
cocaine
Hair samples are theoretically capable of deteting drug use for up to ____ days.
90
The metabolites of marijuana can be detected in the urine for ____ days or more.
five
Employers have two main reasons for adopting drug tests:
drug-free workers will be absent less and make fewer mistakes = safer envir.

cost the company less money from law suits that would be filed
The _____, followed by the other armed services, was the 1st to use random urine screening on a large scale.
Navy
The greatest discrepancy btwn state and fed laws is in the _____ states that provide for some form of legal access to marijuana for medicinal purposes.
13
The 1988 law established what position:

commonly referred to as:
director of national drug control policy

drug czar
Name of the operations that resulted in 50 arrests on paraphernalia charges:

and operation:
Operation Headhunter

pipe dreams
Name of the act that was revised in ______ prohibiting sales of drug paraphernalia:
Controlled Substances Act

1988
What law removes from public housing the entire family of anyone who engages in criminal activity, including drug-related activity, on or near public housing.
1988
What law allowed the Justice dept to trump the secretary of health?

Since then who has had a major voice in determing which drug to schedule and at what level?
1984

DEA
The 1988 laws established
bank requirements
death penalty
harsher approaches towards drug users.
The ______ laws established longer sentencing, mandatory min, and no-parole provisions that have contributed to ________ pop. over the past _______ yrs.
1986

prison

20
In the Anti-drug Abuse Acts of 1986 and 1988, congress established specific ______ of drugs in possessin that would trigger the higher penalties.
amounts
How many schedules were established out of the 1970 law:
The key point is schedule 1 drugs have no currently acceptable _______ use in treatment in US.
5



medical
What did the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 do?
threw out everything that went before and started w/ a clean slate.
In the 60s who was the using:

What kind of drugs were being used:
better educated

mood/conciousness altering
DEA
Drug Enforcement Agency
Under the 1956 Narc. Drug Control Act, anyone selling heroin to a minor could receive the __________ penalty.
death
Act which any offense except first-offense possession had to result in a jail term an no suspesion, probation or parole was allowed.
1956 Narcotic Drug control Act.
The 1951 _______ amendment to the Harrison Act established mandatory minimum sentences for ___________ offenses.
Boggs

drug
From 1937 until 1970, ______ was referred to in fed. laws as a narcotic.
marijuana
How long did Anslinger have control of the drug education, prevention, treatment and enforcement?
30 yrs
Name of the first commissioner of the Bureau of Narcotics in the Treasury Dept. (yr)

What was a slang title he was called
1932
Harry Anslinger

first ''drug czar''
_______ farms were for the treatment of persons dependent on habit-forming drugs who had been convicted of violating fed. law.
Narcotic
In the 1925 _______ case, the US Supreme Court declared it could be legal for a physician to rescribe opioids for a user if it were part of a ________ program.
Linder


curing
Partly in response to the growing illicit maket, in 1922 Congress passed the ____________ Act.

What did it do?
Jones-Miller

More than doubled fines and increased sentences.
What agency moved to close municipal narcotics clinics in more than 30 cities.

What did this do to illicit drug users
IRS

Drove them under ground
From _______ to ______ the Narcotics Div. arrested about _______ people including _______ physicians and druggists.
1919 to 1929

75,000

25,000
Name of the first director of the Narcotics Division with _______ agents at his disposal.
Levi Nutt

170
The single most important legislation that shaped the fed gov approach to controlled substances was the __________.
18th Amendment
Name of the Dr. that was taking orders over the phone for opioids:
Dr. Webb
The meaning of the term 'narcotics' changed so muh in political use that later federal laws incorrectly classified ________ and then ________ as narcotics.
cocaine

marijuana
Opioids (are/are not) narcotics?

What about cocaine?
are

are not
It took _____ yrs and the well-publicized deaths of some athletes before ______ was banned in 2004.
7

ephedra
The (yr) _______ Supplement Health and _________ Act broadened the definition of dietary supplements.
1994 Dietary

Education
The FDA approved ____ new drugs in 2007.
22
Pharmaceutical manufactureers have a ____yr patent on new drug.
20
Question surrounding the FDA drug approval system:
Why does it take so long?
Act that put restrictions on free samples given to physcians and reimported goods:
Drug Marketing Act of 1988
Act that was passed by Congress in 1983 that offered sales tax incentives for drugs developed for rare diseases.

Cost per patient in some cases:
Orphan Drug Act



more than $100,000
3 Clinical phases of FDA:
1. 20 - 80 tests w/ employees, med.students, and volunteers
2. involves individuals w/ condition
3. larger # of individuals w/ condition
Name of the 1938 Amendment:

What did it provide for:
1962 Defauver-Harris

human tests must be indicated
effectiveness of the drug
The 1938 law stipulated that drug labels be adequate directions for _____.
This created the difference btwn ____ the counter and ______ drugs.
use

over

perscription
The new drug app. provision was important in 2 ways:
Changed the FDA role to Gatekeeper

Companies were required to conduct research before marketing
NDA:
new drug application
A critical change in the 1938 law was the requirement that _______ a new drug could be marketed its manufacturer must test it for toxicity.
before
The 1930s had seen an expansion in the use of ______ drugs.

What law was passed due to a tonic that caused kidney poisoning?
sulfa

1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
FDA surveys in the mid-1930s showed that more than ____% of the drug products studied did not meet the standards of the US Phamacopoeia or the National Formulary.
10
What did the company 'B & M External Remedy' claim it could cure?
tuberculosis
Name & yr amendment that outlawed 'false and fraudulent' therapeutic claims on the label.
1912 Sherley
Dr. ________ was a major proponent of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906.
Harvey Wiley
Prescription and nonprescription drugs are subject to a compley set of reg, but in the US they all grew out of the ____________ Act.
Pure Food and Drugs
The Pure Food and Drugs Act was administered within the Dept. of _______, whereas the Harrison Act was admin. by the ______ Dept.
Agriculture

Treasury
The Harrison Act was a _____ law, constitutionally similar to the whiskey tax.
tax
Who is considered the father of Amer. narcotics laws?
Dr. Hamilton Wright
Name of the Dr. responsible for the Harrison Act.
Dr. Hamilton Wright
____________ Act provided the rootstock on which all our modern laws reg. pharmaceuticals have been grafted.
1906 Pure Food and Drugs
What did the 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act prohibit?

How did this affect the governments position with drugs?
interstate commerce in adulterated or misbranded foods and drugs.
Brought the gov. into full force in the drug marketplace.
Pure cocaine became available in the mid -_______ and its use _______ over time.
1800s

increased
In 1875 ____________ ordinance was the first US law forbidding opium smoking.
San Francisco
In ____ the US signed its 1st treaty agreeing to control international trade in opium.
1833
Sales of patent medicines increased from ____ mil in 1859 to _____ mil in _______.
3.5

74

1904
Early Americans related drug problems to:
race
What was the 'Noble Experiment'?

The period btwn 1890 and 1920 is called the ________ (meaning).
Prohibition of alcohole

nadir - lowest point
Current fed approaches to drug reg can be traced to 2 peices of legislation(yrs):
1906 Pure Food and Drug Act

1914 Harrison Act
Congress passed an excise tax on whiskey in:
Name of rebellion:
What did it do:
1791

Whiskey Rebellion
Established that the fed gov had the power to enforce fed laws within the states
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