Study Anatomy (Final) Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Anatomy (Final)

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Follice develops what?
THE EGG
The longest phase?
POST OVULATORY PHASE
When the mature follicle ruptures and secretes an ocyte?
OVULATION
Occurs b/w day 6 & 13 and last about 8 days?
PREOVULATORY PHASE
Last of average of 5 days and is the 1st day of the cycle?
MENSTRAL PHASE
Occurs after orgasm and allows muscles to relax, blood pressure to drop, and body to slow down and relax?
RESOLUTION
The conclusion of the plateau phase?
ORGASM
The period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm?
PLATEAU
Can occur as a physical or mental stimulation?
EXCITEMENT
4 stages of sexual excitement for men and women?
1) EXCITEMENT
2) PLATEAU
3) ORGASM
4) RESOLUTION
Where is an egg fertilized?
THE OVODUCT
When does oculation occur?
ON THE 14TH DAY
Support cells which help spermatogenesis to occur?
SARTOLE CELLS
The seminal vessicle joins the vas deferans to form the?
EJACULATORY DUCT
Everything begins is the?
TESTES
Contains the urethra and is a passageway for the ejaculation of semen and the excretion of urine?
PENIS
Both considered alkalyine and helps to offset it's acidity in the vagina?
SEMINAL VESSICLE
BULBOURETHERAL GLAND
How much sperm is secreted during an ejaculation?
2.5-5 MILLITERS

50-150 MILLION SPERM
What are the substances that help produce semen?
-FRUCTOSE
-ALKALYINE
-MUCOUS
What is the main component of semen?
SPERM
Secretes an alklyine fluid into the urethra, and also secretes mucous?
BULBOURETHREAL GLAND
-About the size of a golf ball
-inferior to the urinary bladder
-contains a milky slighty acid fluid that contains several substances?
PROSTATE GLAND
Secrets a alklyne viseouse fluid that contains fructose?
SEMINAL VESSICLE
What are the 3 acessory glands?
1) SEMINAL VESICLE
2) PROSTATE GLAND
3) BULBOURETHRA
Formed by the union of the duct from the seminal vesicle and the vas deferans?
EJACULATORY DUCT
A supporting structue that ascends out of the scrotum?
SPERMATIC CORD
What are the 4 ducts?
-EPIDIYMIS
-VAS DEFERANS
-EJACULATORY DUCT
-URETHRA
Released by sertoli cells. It is a protein hormone named for it's role in stimulating FSH?
INHIBIN
Binds to the testosterone to keep levels hight, which inturn stimulates the final stages of spermogenesis?
ANDROGENS
Acts indirectly to stimulate spermogenesis?
FSH
How many chromosomes do diploid cells have?
46
The cell division that occurs w/in the ovaries and testes w/in the reproductive system?
MEIOSIS
Meiosis?
OCCURS W/IN THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Erythropoeitin helps to increase?
PRODUCTION OF RBC
True/False

A&P decreases GFR?
FALSE
A spinal reflex in which the impulsed propogate to the micturation center in the sacral spinal cord segments of S2-S3?
MICTURATION REFLEX
A discharge of urine from the bladder.

Occurs by voluntary and involuntary muslce contraction?
MICTURATION
Where is the bladder located in females?
ANTERIOR TO THE VAGINA, INFERIOR TO THE UTERUS
Where is the bladder located in males?
POSTERIOR TO PUBIC SYMPHESIS
Where do the nepherons begin?
BOWMANS CAPSULE
Normal PH for urine?
4.6-8.0 AVG OF 6.0
Urine production in a 24 hour period?
1-2 LITERS
A hollow organ located in the pelvic cavity posterior to the pubic symphesis?
URINARY BLADDER
Connect the kidneys to the bladder?

Flows from the renal pelves to the bladder?
URETERS
Blood vessels of the kidneys are supplied by the sympathetic division of the autonommic NS. These fibers release norepinephrine?
NEURAL REGULATION
The ability of the kidneys to help maintain a constant renal blood flow and GFR dispite normal everyday changes in the blood?
RENAL AUTOREGULATION
The amount of filtrate formed in all the renal corpsules of both kidneys each minute?
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE
3rd step of urine production. Secretes anything the body doesn't need?
TUBULAR SECRETION
2nd step of urine production. Absorbs the most important substances that the body needs?
TUBULAR REABSORPTION
1st step of urine production. Surrounded by the glomerular capsule?
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
3 steps of urine production?
1) GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
2) TUBULAR REABSORPTION
3) TUBULAR SECRETION
Tubule that is further away and is slightly coiled rather than straight?
DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
Part of the tubule that attaches to the gromular capsule?
PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
What is the renal tubule made up of?
PROXIMAL CAPSULE TUBULE
LOOP OF HENLE
DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE
What components is the renal capsule made up of?
GROOMERULUS
BOWMANS CAPSULE
Where blood plasma is filtered?
RENAL CAPSULE
Urine is formed w/in what?
THE NEPHERONS
The renal cortex and renal pyramids of the renal medulla constitute the?
PERENCHYME
Consists of several cone shaped renal pyramids?
RENAL MEDULLA
Deeper, darker redish brown area?
RENAL MEDULLA
Thin layer of connective tissue that anchors the kidneys to surrounding structures?
FASCIA (OUTER LAYER)
Made up of fatty tissue?
ADIPOSE TISSUE

(MIDDLE LAYER OF TISSUE)
Renal capsule?
-DEEP LAYER
-CONTINUOUS WITH THE OUTER COAT OF THE URETER
What are the layers of the kidney?
-RENAL CAPSULE
-ADIPOSE TISSUE
-FASCIA
True/False

The right kidney is slightly lower than the left?
TRUE
Location of the kidneys?
RETRO PERITONEAL

ABOVE THE WAIST B/W THE 11TH AND 12TH THORACIC & 3RD LUMBAR
Release of milk from the mammary gland?
OXYTOCIN
Anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production?
PROLACTIN
Is secreted by the corpus luteum to maintain the uterine lining during the first trimester of pregnancy?
PROGESTERONE
Stimulates the initial secretion of estrogens by growing follicles; promotes follicle growth?
FSH
Promotes the development of female reproductive structures; lowers blood cholesterol?
ESTROGEN
Contributes to male sexual behavior, spermatogenesis and libido?
ANDROGEN
Stimulates male pattern of development; stimulates protein synthesis; contributes to sex drive?
TESTONTERON
Posterior pitituitary hormone responsible for uterine contraction and release of mild from mammary glands?
OXYCOTIN
Inhibits the production of FHS by the anterior pitituitary gland?
IHIBIN
Stimulates leydig cells to secrete testosterone in males and triggers ovulation in females?
LH
What is the functional unit of the kidneys?
NEPHRONS
What hormone secretes fructose?
SEMINAL VESSICLES
What produces an alkyline substance that contains fructose?
SEMINAL VESSICLES
Lining of the uterus?
ENDOMETRIUM
How long does spermatogenesis last for?
65-75 days
When does the corpus luteum develop
AFTER THE EGG IS RELEASED
This hormone spikes after ovulation?
PROGESTERONE
What prepares the uterus for implantation?
CORPUS LUTEUM
Surrounds the urethrea?
PROSTATE
The supporting structure for the testes?
SCROTUM
Carries the sperm from the scrotum into the abdominal pelvic cavity for the release of ejaculation. It is cut and tied by the needs of ejaculation?
VAS DEFERANS (DUCTUS DEFERANS)
Where does sperm develop?
OCCURS IN THE TESTIS
Where does sperm mature?
EPIDYMIS
Layer of the uterine lining that is partial shed during the monthly cycle?
ENDOMETRIUM
A pathway for sperm to reach the uterine tube, the site of implantation of the fertilized ovum, site of menstration?
UTERUS
Modified suderofous gland involved in lacatation?
MAMMARY GLAND
When does the corpus luteum increase?
AFTER THE EGG IS RELEASED
Secrets progesterone?
CORPUS LUTEUM
What remains after the egg is released from the follicle?
CORPUS LUTEUM
What increases after ovulation occurs?
PROGESTERONE
There is a spike in two hormones before ovulation which are?
-ESTROGEN
-LH
Where does fertilization primarily take place?
FELIPIAN TUBES
How long will sperm remain viable once in the female structure?
48 HOURS
Fertilization can occur up to how long after the egg is released?
24 HOURS
Where does ovulation occurs around what day?
14TH DAY
The joining of the egg and the sperm is referred to as?
ZYGOTE

THE FIRST 46 CHROMOSOMES
Growth and repair?
MITOSIS
Sex cells undergo?
MEIOSIS

23 CHROMOSOMES
True/False

Spermatogenesis occurs at normal core body temp?
FALSE

REQUIRES A SLIGHTLY LOWER TEMP THAN THE BODY TEMP. THAT'S WHY THEY HANG BY THE SCROTOM
Is micturation voluntary or involuntary?
BOTH
Which GFR hormone helps to increase blood volume by decreasing urine output?
ANGIOTENSIN
What hormones decrease GFR?
-NEURAL REGULATION
-ANGIOTENSIN II
Blood volume has an effect on what?
BLOOD PRESSURE
What hormone increases GFR?
ATRIAL NATRIUETIC PEPTIDE (ANP)

ALSO DECREASES BLOOD VOLUME
Types of Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
-RENAL REGULATION
-HORMONE REGULATION
-ANGIOTENSIN II
-ATRIAL NATRIUETIC PEPTIEDE (ANP)
What should you never find in urine?
BLOOD AND GLUCOSE
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