Study Galaxies and Big Bang Flash Cards

 
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Galaxies and Big Bang

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what is the name of our galaxy?
the Milky Way
which type of galaxy os the Milky Way
a barred spiral galaxy
list all of the characteristics of an irregular galaxy
lack a simple shape
consist of mostly blue stars and puffy clouds of gas but little dust
list all of the characteristics of a sprial galaxy
sprial shaped disk with bulge in the center
resembles a pinwheel
bright arms coil out from center
list the characteristics of an ellipticle galaxy
perfect sphere to flat football
brightest in the center-gets dimmer and dimmer coming out
less dust and gas than sprial galaxies
few new stars form in them
what are the 3 types of galaxies?
ellipticle, sprial, and irregular
what can people learn from a spectroscope?
breaks up the light into different colors from the star
what is a galaxy
a system of stars dust and gas held together by gravity
red shift
stars moving quickly away from us
blue shift
stars are moving quickly towards us light waves are compressed as they move towards us
What is Hubble's contribution to the galaxies?
made a way of organizing them: ellipticle, spiral, and irregular
most stars are moving away from each other
our sun was 1 of billions on the milky way
describe the big rip
dark energy causes the universe to expand faster until everything rips apart, even atoms. Matter will be torn apart leaving nothing
What is the difference between an open and closed universe?
closed:the universe will stop expanding and gravity will pull the galaxies back towards each other and the big bang will happen all over again

open:stars will give off their energy and die off and nothing will be left
What was Galelio's big invention?
first telescope
why didn't Copernicus publish his theory until right before death?
church thought that the earth was the center of the universe- afraid of the consequinces he would face from the church
what did Copernicus discover?
sun was in the center of the universe, earth rotated every 24 hours. afraid to publishhis discoveries because of the consequinces from the church
which force was responsible for the formation of the stars and the solar system
gravity
which force broke off first?
gravity
list the 4 forces that were in the original atom at the time of the big bang
gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear forces, and weak nuclear forces
3 possible ways the universe can come to an end
closed universe: galaxies race towards the center of the universe and another big bang will occur
open universe: all the stars will use up their energy and leave nothing left
big rip: dark energy causes the universe to expand faster until everything rips apart, even atoms. matter will be torn apart leaving nothing
what became before during and after the big bang?
before: the universe was smaller than the smallest atom
during: the atom became hot and exploded. There was no air in space, so there was no bang.
After: stars and planets formed, our universe continues to expand
when did the big bang occur
13.7 billion years ago
The Big Bang Theory
a theory of how the universe was created. it was smaller than an atom 13.7 billion years ago. It got really hot , expanded, and formed the universe. has been expanding ever since
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