Study Aquatic Therapy (PTA 102) Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Aquatic Therapy (PTA 102)

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What is an effective pressure limit for an nonimmersion irrigation device?
4-15 PSI
The temp of an exercise pool should be kept at what temp?
26-36 C (79-110 F)
What should be added to the water when treating patients with extensive burns or other extensive wounds?
SALT
Why does hyponatremia occur?
Pt's LOSE SALT FROM TEH OPEN WOUND AREA INTO THE WHILRPOOL WATER WHEN THE SALINITY OF THE WATER IS LOWER THAN THAT OF THE TUSSUE FLUIDS
Who is at an increased rate of suffering from burns from hydrotherapy?
THE ELDERLY AND VERY YOUNG
What is the most severe potential adverse effect of hydrotherapy?
DEATH BY DROWNING
When using a contrast bath, how long and how often should you repeat the treatment?
REPEAT 5-6 TIMES (25-30 MINUTES)
What should you first do when starting contrast bath treatments?
IMMERSE THE AREA IN WARM WATER FOR 3-4 MINUTES

THEN IMMERSE THE AREA IN COLD WATER FOR 1 MINUTE
What should the temp difference be when using contrast baths for pain control or edema?
LARGE DIFFERENCE
When filling a contrast bath with cold/cool water, what should the temp be?
10-18 DEGREES C (50-64 DEGREES F)
When filling a contrast bath with warm/hot water, what should the temp be?
38-44 DEGREES C (100-111 DEGREES F)
Contrast baths have been shown to cause fluctuations in blood flow over what time period?
20 MINUTES
Alternately immersing an area, generally a distal extremity, first in warm or hot water and then in cool or cold water?
CONTRAST BATH
The temp of a hubbard tank of generally kept around?
36-39 DEGREES C (97-10 DEGREES F)
How many gallons of water does a hubbard tank hold?
425 GALLONS
A large whirlpool intented for full body immersion?
HUBBARD TANK
What sensation is used to increase the mobility in burn patients?
MILD WARMTH (35.5-37 C) 96-98 F
What is the order of sensation for the whirlpool?
-COLD
-TEPID
-NEUTRAL WARMTH
-MILD WARMTH
-HOT
-VERY HOT
The whirlpool temp should not exceed?
43 DEGREES C (110 DEGREES F)
Mild warmth in a whirlpool is considered what temp?
35.5-37 DEGREES C (96-98 DEGREES F)
A whirlpool at 33-35.5 degrees C (92-96 degrees F) can be used for what purpose?
-TO TREAT OPEN WOUNDS
-Pt's WITH CIRCULATORY, SENSORY, OR CARDIAC DISORDERS.
-TONE CONTROL IN Pt's WITH NEUROLOGICALLY BASE HYPERTONICITY
True/False

A tepid whirlpool (26-33 degrees C) can be used when inflammation is present if lower temps are not tolerated?
TRUE
A whirlpool at what temp can be used if water is being used as a medium for exercise?
26-33 DEGREES C (79-92 DEGREES F)
A whirlpool at what temp can be used in place of a ice pack?
0-26 DEGREES C (32-79 DEGREES F)
Exercise is water can be used to?
-INCREASE CIRCULATION
-MUSCLE STRENGTH
-JOINT VISOELASTICITY
-FELXIBILITY
-ROM
-IMPROVE AMBULATION
-COORDINATION
-IMPROVE WELL BEING
-DECREASE PAIN (MUSCLE SPASM/STIFFNESS)
True/False

Due to edema in the lower extremities of a CHF patient. The effects of hydrostatic pressure would have a positive outcome for this pt?
FASLE

THIS MAY OVERWHELM THE HEART'S PUMPING ABILITY
True/False

Water based exercises is not generally recommended for weight loss?
TRUE
When a pt's feet are immersed under 4 feet of water, the pressure exerted by the water will be approximately what?
88.9 mm Hg

(SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN DIASTOLIC PRESSURE)
What increases as the depth of immersion increases?
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
According to what law, a fluid exerts equal pressure on all srufaces of a body at rest at a given depth, and this pressure increases in proportion to the depth of the fluid?
PASCALS'S LAW
The pressure exerted by a fluid on a body immersed in the fluid?
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
What does the resistance of water fall to when motion stops?
0
Provides resistance to the motion of a body in water?
VISCOSITY
According to Archimedes' principle, when will an object sink?
IF THE DENSITY OF AN OBJECT IS GREATER THAN THE DENSITY OF THE FLUID, IT WILL DISPLACE A LARGER VOLUME OF FLUID AND WILL SINK
Judging by Archimedes' principle, when will an object float?
IF THE DENISTY OF AN IMMERSED BODY IS LESS THAN THE DENSITY OF THE FLUID, THEN IT WILL DISPLACE A SMALLER VOLUME OF FLUID AND WILL FLOAT
An upward thrust on the body in the opposite direction to the force of gravity?
BUOYANCY
Moving water transfers heat by?
CONVECTION
Stationary water transfers heat by?
CONDUCTION
How can water transfer heat?
CONDUCTION AND CONVECTION
What are the physical properties of water?
-SPECIFIC HEAT AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
-BUOYANCY
-RESISTANCE
-HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
True/False

Negative pressure wound therapy is a form of hydrotherapy?
FALSE
The applicaiton of water either internally or externally, for the treatment of physical or psychological dysfunction?
HYDROTHERAPY
What are the precautions of hydrotherapy?
-CONFUSION AND DISORIENTATION
-ALCOHOL INGESTION
-LIMITED STRENGTH, ENDURANCE, BALANCE OR ROM
-MEDICATIONS
-URINARY INCONTINENCE
-HYDROPHOEIA
-RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS
What are the contraindications of hydrostatic pressure?
-CARDIAC INSTABILITY (L VENTRICLE)
-INFECTIOUS CONDITIONS THAT MAY BE SPREAK BY WATER
-BOWEL INCONTINENCE
-SEVERE EPILEPSY
-SUICIDAL PATIENTES
What physiological effects does hydrotherapy have on renal?
-DIURESIS (INCREASED URINE PRODUCTION)
-INCREASED SODIUM AND POTASSIUM EXCRETION

(Pt MUST BE HYDRATED)
What physiological effects does hydrotherapy have on the respiratory system?
-DECREASED VITAL CAPACITY
-INCREASED WORK OF BREATHING
-DECREASED EXERCIS INDUCED ASTHMA
What physiological effects does hydrotherapy have on the cardiovascular system?
-INCREASED VENOUS CIRCULATION, CARDIAC VOLUME, CARDIAC OUTPUT
-DECREASED HR, SYSTOLIC BP, AND VO2 (AMOUNT OF OXYGEN)
What physiological effects does water have on the musculoskeletal system?
-DECREASED WEIGHT BEARING
-STRENGTHENING
-BONE DENSITY LOSS
What are the physiological effect of hydrotherapy?
-MUSCULOSKELETAL
-CARDIOVASCULAR
-RESPIRATORY
-RENAL
Pascals law?
THE PRESSURE OF WATER INCREASES IN PROPORTION OF THE DEPTH
The pressure of water increases in proportion to the depth?
PASCALS LAW
Viscosity provides?
RESISTANCE
How much body weight is decreased when a pt is submerged up to the ASIS?
50%
How much body weight is decreases when a pt is submerged up to the xiphoid process?
70%
How much body weight is decreased when a pt is submerged up to the neck?
90%
Buoyancy can be used for what kind of exercises?
-ASSISTIVE
-RESISTIVE
-SUPPORTIVE
Archimedes principle?
THE BUOYANT FORCE ON A SUBMERGED OBJECT IS EQUAL TO THE WEIGHT OF THE FLUID THAT IS DISPLACED BY THE OBJECT
The buoyant force on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the fluid that is displaced by the oject?
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE
What are the clinical applications for cold, hot, and very hot water and what are the temps?
COLD: ACUTE INFLAMMATION 0-26 DEGREES C (32-79 DEGREES F)

HOT: PAIN CONTROL: 37-40 DEGREES C (99-104 DEGREES F)

VERY HOT: SOFT TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY: 40-43 DEGREES C (104-110 DEGREES F)
What makes aquatic therapy a good superficial heating modality as well as cooling agent?
SPECIFIC HEAT AND THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
What benefits does aquatic therapy have on wound care?
-CAN PROMOTE REHYDRATION, SOFTENING AND DEBRIDEMENT OF NECROTIC TISSUE

-IMPROVES CIRCULATION
How does aquatic therapy control edema?
BY HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
What pain theory does aquatic therapy use?
GATE THEORY
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