Study Ankle and Foot (Kinesiology) Flash Cards

 
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Ankle and Foot (Kinesiology)

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why is the 2nd metatarsal known as the keystone?
BECAUSE IT RECEIVES THE WEIGHT OF THE BODY
2nd cuniform is the ______________?
KEYSTONE
Runs from side to side through the three cuniforms to the cuboid?
TRANSVERSE ARCH
Runs from the calcaneus forward to the prox phalanges?
PLANTAR APONEUROSIS
Attaches to the calcaneus and runs forward to the navicular?
SPRING LIGAMENT
Describe the attachments of the long plantar ligament?
ATTACHES POSTERIOR TO THE CALCANEUS AND RUNS FORWARD TO ATTACH TO THE CUBOID AND BASES OF 3RD, 4TH, AND 5TH METATARSALS.

-MAIN SUPPORT OF THE LAT LONGITUDINAL ARCH
Dorsiflexion is associated with?
PRONATION
Plantarflexion is associated with?
SUPINATION
excessive pronation will cause what of the tibia?
INTERNAL ROTATION
When do the deltoid ligaments become taut?
EVERSION
The deltoid ligaments are very strong and very rarely sprained, but are usually ____________?
AVULSED
How will the tibia rotate if a foot is supinated?
EXTERNAL ROTATION
Pronation is a combination of what movements?
-EVERSION
-ABDUCTION
-DORSIFLEXION
Supination is a combination of?
-INVERSION
-ADDUCTION
-PLANTARFLEXION
Frontal plane movements occur at what joint/s?
-SUBTALAR JOINT
-TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINTS
Closedpacked position of the talocural joint?
DORSIFLEXION
What muscles dorsiflex the ankle?
-ANTERIOR TIBIALIS
-EXTENSOR HALLICUS LONGUS
-EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
-PERONEUS TERTIUS
What muscles plantarflex the ankle?
-GASTROCNEMIUM
-SOLEUS
-PLANTARIS
-FLEXOR HALLICUS LONGUS
-FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
-POSTERIOR TIBIALIS
-PERONEUS BREVIS
How much ROM does MTP joints 2-5 allow?
40 DEGREES FLEXION/EXTENSION
45 DEGREES HYPEREXTENSION
What MTP joint is most mobile and what kind of motions does it allow?
-1ST IS MOST MOBILE
-ALLOWS FOR 45 DEGREES OF FLEXION/EXTENSION
-90 DEGREES OF HYPEREXTENSION
What kind of joint is the MTP joint?
CONDYLOID
What do the heads of the MTP joints articulate with?
PROXIMAL PHALANGES
This joint allows for a gliding motion?
SUBTALAR JOINT (HINDFOOD)
The hindfoot is AKA?
SUBTALAR JOINT
Name the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle?
-POSTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
-ANTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
-CALCANEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT
True/False

Pes cavus is more common than pes planus?
FALSE

PES PLANUS IS MORE COMMON
What is pes cavus?
REFERS TO THE FOOT WITH AN ABNORMALLLY HIGH MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH
A patient with what condition must rely on intrinsic and extrensic muscles of the foot?
PES PLANUS
What is pes planus?
-EXCESSIVELY FALLEN MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH

-OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH AN OVER-STRETCHED AND WEAKENED PLANTAR FASCIA.

-OVER PRONATED SUBTALAR JOINT
The condition when there is an excessively fallen medial longitudinal arch is known as?
PES PLANUS
The medial lontitudinal arch is AKA?
THE "IN STEP" OF THE FOOT
The primary shock absorbing structure of the foot?
MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH
What does the deltoid ligament consist of?
-TIBIONAVICULAR FIBERS
-TIBIOCALCANEAL FIBERS
-TIBIOTALAR FIBERS
What is the capsular pattern of the ankle joint?
PF>DF LOSS
The talocrural joint makes what kind of joint?
MORTISE JOINT
True/False

The fibula is not considered to be part of the talocrural joint?
TRUE
The talocrural joint is classified as what kind of joint?
HINGE JOINT
What is the primary function of the ankle joint?
-SHOCK ABSORBANCE
-PLIABILITY
What muscles are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?
-ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI
-QUADRATUS PLANTAE
-FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI
-ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS
-PLANTAR INTEROSSEI
-DORSAL INTEROSSEI
-LUMBRICALS (THIRD TO FIFTH TOES)
What muscles are innervated by the media plantar nerve?
-FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS
-ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS
-FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS
-LUMBRICAL (SECOND TOE)
This nerve innervates all of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. These muscles perform plantar flexion or combined plantar flexion and inversion as their primary actions?
-GASTROCNEMIUS
-SOLEUS
-PLANTARIS
-POSTERIOR TIBIALIS
-FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
-FLEXOR HALLUCUS LONGUS
The nerve innervates all of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg? These muscles perform plantar flexion or combined plantar flexion and inversion as their primary actions?
-PERONEUS LONGUS
-PERONEUS BREVIS
This nerve innervates two muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg? They perform plantar flexion and eversion?
SUPERFICIAL PERONEAL NERVE
What muscles innervate the deep peroneal nerve?
-TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
-EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
-EXTENSOR HALLUSIS LONGUS
-PERONEUS TERTIUS
The nerve innervates all muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg. These muscles perform dorsiflexion as one of their primary actions?
DEEP PERONEAL NERVE
Injury to these ligaments is often involved with a "high-ankle sprain"?
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR LIGAMENTS
What motion does the lateral collateral ligament limit?
INVERSION
What motion does the deltoid ligament limit?
EVERSION
Designed to allow extension and flexion only?
INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT
How many degrees of hyperextension are required at the first metatarsophalangeal joint during the push-off phase of walking?
60-65 DEGREES
Designed to allow 2 degrees of freedom: Flexion/extension. Abduction/adduction?
METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT
Formed the the articulation between the distal surfaces of the three cuneiforms and the cuboid with the base of all 5 metatarsals?
TARSOMETATARSAL JOINTS
What are the distal joints of the ankle/foot?
-TARSOMETATARSAL
-METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT
-INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT
What are the proximal joints of the ankle/foot?
-TALOCRURAL JOINT
-SUBTALAR JOINT
-TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT
Greatly enhances the overall kinematic versatility of the foot?
TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT
The transverse tarsal joint consists of how many joints? What are there names?
CONSISTS OF 2 JOINTS
-TALONAVICULAR JOINT
-CALCANEOCUBOID JOINT
This joint is essential for adapting to uneven ground surfaces or cutting laterally or medially while walking or running?
SUBTARAL JOINT
This joint is designed specifically to allow frontal and horizontal plane motions?
SUBTARAL JOINT
The primary joint of the distal leg that allows a forward progression of the body while walking?
TALOCRURAL JOINT
What bones articulate with the cuboid?
-4TH/5TH METATARSALS
-LATERAL CUNEIFORM
-NAVICULAR
What bones articulate with the lateral cuneiform?
-3RD METATARSAL
-CUBOID
-NAVICULAR
-INTERMEDITE CUNEIFORM
What bones articulate with the intermedite cuneiform?
-2ND METATARSAL
-NAVICULAR
-MEDIAL CUNEIFORM
-LATERAL CUNEIFORM
What bones articulate with the medial cuneiform?
-1ST METATARSAL
-NAVICULAR
-INTERMEDIATE CUNEIFORM
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