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13 colonies key terms

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founder of Road Island
Roger Williams
Founder of Virginia
Sir Walter Raleigh but John White actually came in 1606
Founder of Georgia
James Olgethorpe in 1732
founder of Maryland
Sir George Calvert, but his son came over who was Lord Baltimore in 1632
founder of Delaware
Colonists of Pennsylvania (delegates) in 1704
founder of North and south carolina
8 nobles
founder of Connecticut
Thomas Hooker in 1636
founder of Pennsylvania
William Penn in 1681
founder of New York
Duke of York in 1664
founder of New Jersey
Sir George Carteret in 1664
who founded New Hampshire?
David Thomson in 1623
What are the 13 colonies???
massachusetts, new Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, connecticut, North Carolina, South Carolina, Delaware, Maryland Georgia, Virginia, Road Island
Libel
the act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person's reputation
enlightenment
what people believed the light of human reason, it's the movement that they started
Dame school
private schools run by women in their own homes, for girls
apprentice
boys whose parents wished them to learn a trade or craft
tutor
a private teacher
public school
schools supported by taxes, they allowed both rich and poor children to receive and education
great awakening
a religious movement
gullah
a combination of English and west African languages
Indentured servant
white people who signed contracts to work without wages for a period of 4-7 years, they got free transportation to the colonies
Middle class
below the gentry, farmers who worked their own land, skilled craft workers, and some trades people
Gentry
top of the social class, included wealthy planters, merchants, ministers, successful lawyers and royal officials
john Peter Zenger
he wrote the weekly journal in New York city, but was arrested for publishing stories that criticized the governor
Poor Richard's almanack
written by Benjamin Franklin, it contained useful information and clever quotes
Benjamin Franklin
he built a printing business, he published poor Richard's almanack, and he was also an inventor
John Locke
an English philosopher wrote works that were widely read in the colonies, he said people could gain knowledge of the world by observing and by experimenting
George Whitefield
am English minister, he arrived in the colonies and drew big crowds to outdoor meetings, he called on sinners to repent
Jonathan Edwards
A new England preacher, who helped set off the great awakening
Negro Election day
the day where Africans both slaves and free ones would elect a leader of their community
English bill of rights
protected the rights on individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by jury, it also said that the ruler could not raise taxes or an army without the approval of parliament
Bill of Rights
written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
Glorious Rebolution
1688, parliament removed King James II from the throne and Asked William and Mary of the Netherlands to rule
Legislature
a group of people who have the power to make laws
Triangular trade
a 3 way trade, England -Americas and Africa had one
Yankee
a nickname that implied they were clever and hardworking
Navigation Acts
A law that ensured that only england benefited from the colonial trade, it controlled what ships could carry goods and where they could go, only colonial and english ships could carry goods to and from the colonies
Import
are goods brought into a country
Export
goods sent to markets outside a country
Mercantilism
a belief that the colonies of a country should benefit the home country, it was part of a theory, a nation came strong by keeping strict control over its trade
Racism
belief that one race is superior to another
slave codes
Laws set for the slaves that denied slaves their basic rights, it treated them not as humans but more as property
Debtors
people who were in debt, they owed money but couldn't pay it off
Indigo
a plant used to make a valuable blue dye, it was a cash crop
Bacon's Rebellion
was lead by Nathaniel Bacon, he raided the natives with a group of followers
Act of Toleration
this law provided religious freedom for Christians
Mason-Dixon Line
Was more than just the boundary between Pennsylvania and MAryland, it divided the middle colonies from the southern colonies
the middle passage
the passage, of the triangular trade between the Americas, England and Africa, that the Slaves would be brought over on
The Backcountry
West of the tidewater, had rich soil, more democratic than the tidewater, people formed there
The Tidewater
large farms, employed 20-200 slaves on this land close to the ocean shores.
Savannah
Georgia's first settlement town
James Oglethorpe
settled Georgia because he wanted it to be a place where debtors could have a fresh stat
Charles town
Became South Carolina
Nathaniel Bacon
in 1676 he was angry over the virginia governor's lack of action against Indian attacks on settlers, he led his followers to Jamestown and burned the capital
Margaret and Mary Brent
Two women that took advantage of Lord Baltimore's offer, they set up 2 plantations of about 1,000 acres each, margaret helped prevent a rebellion among the governor's soldiers
St. Mary's
the first town built in Maryland
Chesapeake Bay
Separated Virginia and maryland
Lord Baltimore
Was Sir George Calvert's Son, he settled Maryland because his father died before he could come over
Sir George Calvert
Planned to build a colony, naming it Maryland, where Catholics could practice there religion freely, unfortunately he died before he could realize his dream and it was up to his son
Cash Crop
crops that are sold for money at market, really important crops that get grown within a colony
Pennsylvania Dutch
The german speaking Protestants, they were called that because people couldn't say the word Deutsch
Quakers
One of the most despised religious groups in ENgland
Royal colony
A colony under the direct control of the English Crown
Proprietary colony
The king gave land to one or more people in return for a yearly payment
Patroons
owners of huge estates
The Great Wagon Road
An old Iroquois trail followed by many European settlers leading them into the backcountry of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia
THe capital among the Delaware River, Capital of Pennsylvania
The "Holy Experiment"
Pennsylvania - William Penn
The duke of York
owner of the New Netherland (New York) made it a propietary colony
Peter Stuyvesant
governor of New Netherland
William Penn
Was a Quaker that founded Pennsylvania
Town meeting
where settlers discussed and voted on many issues, and what should be done for the settlement
Sabbath
the holy day of rest
Religious Tolerance
a willingness to let others practice their own beliefs, the tolerance of religious practice
fundamental orders of Connecticut
the government of connecticut, close to the one of massachusetts, but different in 2 ways
Puritans
a religious group who didn't want to separate entirely from the church of England
Meeting house
i
the common
and open field where cattle grazed
King Philip
also know as Metacom
Metacom
Also know as king Philip, who was chief of the Wampanoag lands, his people attacked villages throughout New England
Anne Hutchinson
she said that god had talked to her, and they drover her out of town
roger Williams
founded Rhode Island
hartford
a town on the Connecticut River
Thomas Hooker
he founded connecticut
Boston
i
Great Migration
The journey of About 15,000 Men, women, and Children from England to Mass.
John Winthrop
Was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony
A colony that the puritans Made in 1630
Charles 1st
became king in 1625, disapproved of the puritans and their ideas
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