Study Bio: chap. 16 Genes and Variation Flash Cards

Pile Management Card
Bio: chap. 16 Genes and Variation

list the factors of the hw principle

1. random mating is a must
2. LARGE population: must
3. no movement into or out of population
4. no mutations
5.

hardy weinburg principle

allele frequences in a population will remain constant unless one of more factors cause frequency to change.

founder effect

a situation in which allele frequencys change due to the migration of small subgroup of population

GENETIC DRIFT

random change in allele frequency

disruptive selection

individuals at upper or lower end of curve have higher fitness

BOTH ENDS OF CURVE

stabilizing selection

individulals at center have higher fitness than at either end

CENTER

directional selection

at one end of curve have higher fitness than the middle.

ONE END OF CURVE

Polygenic traits

traits controlled by 2 or more genes

Single-gene trait

single gene; two alleles.
DOWNWARD DIP IN CENTER.

relative frequency

number of times that the allele occurs in a Gene pool

gene pool

ALL GENES.
from one population

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