Study Ultra Sound (PTA 102) Flash Cards

 
Pile Management Card
Ultra Sound (PTA 102)

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If the US intensity is too high, the patient will complain of a deep ache from?
OVERHEATING OF THE PERIOSTEUM
Where does most reflection occur?
AT A SOFT TISSUE BONE INTERFACE
True/False

Although US is a poor choice for heating muscle. It is a good choice for heating scar tissue on muscle.
TRUE

DO TO THE INCREASED COLLAGEN.
Tissues with low absorption coefficients generally have a?
HIGH WATER CONTENT
The US crystal is made of a material with?
PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES
Continuous US is generally used to produce?
THERMAL EFFECTS
Attenuation is a result of?
-ABSORPTION
-REFLECTION
-REFRACTION
US enters the body and is attenuated in the tissue by?
-ABSORPTION
-REFLECTION
-REFRACTION
If someone complains of a burning sensation during US, what might you want to do?
-PAUSE THE TX
-ADD GELL
-MOVE THE TRANSDUCER FASTER
-DECREASE THE INTENSITY
What are the mechanical, non thermal effect of ultrasound?
-CAVITATION
-MICROSTREAMING
-ACOUSTIC STREAMING
True/False

Bone and tendon together will heat up slower?
FALSE

WILL HEAT UP FASTER
How quickly should the ultrasound head (transducer) be moved?
2-4 cm/sec
On average, soft tissue temp has been show to increase by what with US?
0.2 DEGREES PER MINUTE WHEN DELIVERED AT 1W/cm squared at 1 MHz.
What are the thermal effects of ultrasound?
-ACCELERATION OF METABOLIC RATE
-REDUCTION OF PAIN AND MUSCLE SPASM
-CHANGE IN NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY
-INCREASED CIRCULATION
-INCREASED SOFT TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY
-HEATS TISSUES WITH HIGH US ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS.
In order to get a thermal effect, the US must be on?
CONTINUOUS
What is the duty cycle for pulsed US?
20%
If 1MHZ is used, intensity is higher do to what?
ATTENUATION
In order to crank up the intensity you must increase what?
THE FREQUENCY
What are the typical sizes of a transducer?
2cm or 5cm
In order to achieve a therapeutic use of ultrasound, the frequency must be between?
0.7 and 3.3 MHZ
Ultrasound has a frequency of?
GREATER THAN 20,000 Hz
Pulsed ultrasound is generally used for?
HEALING
When was ultrasound first used?
DURING WWII FOR SONAR
The duty cycle can be?
CONTINUOUS OR PULSED.
In order to heat the piriformis, what frequency would you use?
1MHZ

(THE PIRIFORMIS IS COVERED BY THE GLUTEUS MAXIMUS WHICH WOULD REQUIRE MORE DEPTH) REQUIRES AT LEAST 5CM OR 2.5 INCHES IN DEPTH.
True/False

Muscle has a high collagen content?
FALSE

MUSCLE HAS A LOW COLLAGEN CONTENT
True/False

Ultrasound is not good for heating up muscle?
TRUE
What is collagen?
A FORM OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE ASSOCIATED WITH TENDONS, LIGAMETNS AND FASCIA.
True/False

Connective tissue is not heat sensitive?
FALSE

CONNECTIVE TISSUE IS HEAT SENSITIVE
Why do we want to heat up tissues?
TO INCREASE SOFT TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY
Good for increasing tissue healing?
NON THERMAL ULTRASOUND
3MHZ frequencey can heat to what depth?
1-2cm DEEP (HIGHER TEMP)
1MHZ frequency can heat to what depth?
5cm DEEP (LOWER TEMP)
Name some things that have a high collagen content?
-TENDONS
-LIGAMENTS
-JOINT CAPSULE
-FASCIA
What is ultrasound mostly attracted to?
COLLAGEN
True/False

Ultrasound heats more deeply and heats smaller areas than most superficial heating agents?
TRUE
Ability to increase tissue temperature. Used primarily prior to stretching shortened soft tissue and for decreasing pain?
THERMAL ULTRASOUND
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