Study Galaxies SCIENCE 8th grade Flash Cards

 
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Galaxies SCIENCE 8th grade

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most common galaxy
elliptical
Big Bang Theory
the universe expanded after a huge explosion of concentrated energy and matter and has since expanded
doppler effect
the frequency of a wave increases if the source of the waves moves toward us and decreases if it moves away
open universe theory
galaxies will move farther and farther apart and stars will use up their fuels and burn out . universe will end in empty blackness
closed universe theory
expansion of the universe comes to a halt then gravity will pull the galaxies back toward the center of the universe making another "big bang"
factors that influence the parralax include
1. distance between observer and star
2. distance between sighting points
irregular galaxies
no regular shape
have nebulas
Large and Small Magellanic Clouds
less common
the universe is ______ years old.
15-20 billion years old
anotehr word for spiral arms
disks
the big bang occured
15-20billion years ago
galactic clusters clumped into large groups
superclusters
elliptical gallaxies
spherical or elptical
no nebulas
most common
spiral galaxies
gigantic pinwheels of stars
HAVE NUCLEUS
HAVE NEBULAS
the milky way
red shift
galaxies are moving away from the center
Edwin Hubble
noteced the spectra of all the galaxies shoe a RED SHIFT
galactic cluster
galaxies pulled together by gravity
What galactic cluster is the milky way part of...
Local group
Famous open cluster
pleiades/seven sisters
globular cluster
MILLIONS of old stars found in the nucleus and halo
OPEN CLUSTER (list how many stars- how old the stars are- where they are found)
hundreds of new stars in SPIRAL ARMS
Nebula
clouds of gas where stars are born
how mnay stars does the milky way contain?
200-400 billion stars
diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy
100,000 LY
two irregular galaxies orbiting the Milky Way
Large and Small Magellanic Clouds
diff. between regular and barred spirals
round and elongated-bar shaped nucleus
GALAXY
large collections of stars and dust held together by gravity
galaxies are classified into 3 types according to _____
shape
who showed that there are mnay more galaxies in the universe than just the Milky Way Galaxy
Harlow Shapley
one light year equals
6 trillion miles
gravity's role in orgin of the universe
held clumps together when materials cooled
what are three parts of evidence that support the "big bang theory"?
1. heat evenly spread out throughout universe
2. clumps + stars and galaxies RED SHIFT
3. quasars happened the same time as the big bang
globular cluster
found in NUCLEUS and HALO .... MILLIONS OF OLD stars
open cluser
found in spiral arms HUNDREDS of NEW stars
nebula
clouds of gas where sstars are born
quasar
the most distant objects we have seen (12 billion LY from earth) starlike , give off more energy than 100 galaxies combined
parralax
the apparent change in the position of a star compared to the stars in the backround
parsec
3.26 light years
light year
the distance light can travel in one year
red shift
a star moving away from us, the lines in the stars spectrum will be shifted toward the red end of the spectrum
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