Study Chemistry Chapter5 part 2 Flash Cards

 
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Chemistry Chapter5 part 2

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strength of nucleus down group
gets wearker becasue size of atom is getting largerm making electrons in levels farther away shielding attraction from nucleus
strength of nucleus across period
increases, atomic number increasees
electronegativity down group
decrease becaue valeence electrons are farther away fromnucleus
electronegativity across period
increases because of increase in nuclear charge- pulls electrons toward nucleus
electronegativity
ability to attrat electrons
larger than neutral atom due to more electrons so nucleus cant pull as well on each electron
anion
anions
gained electrons
has negative chrge
smaller than nuetral atom due to less electrons, so nucleus can pull better on each electrion
cation
cations
lost electrons
have positive charges
ionic radii down group
increase becasue farther awway from nucleus higher charge
ionic radii across period
decreased because electrons are pulled closer to nucleus
ionic radiii
ionic radius size of ion
electron affinity down group
becomes difficult / more endothermic
electron affiinity across period
becomes easier/ exothermic
when hard to add electron EA=
endothermic/positive
when easy to ad an electron EA=
exothermic/negative
electron affinity
energy change when electron is added
ionization energy down group
decrease because outer valence electrons are farther away from nucleus, more easily removed
because out er electrons are shieled from positive nucleus and have a weak attraction to nuclues
ionization energy across a period
energy increases because of increase in nuclear charge cuasiong electrons to be pulled toward nucleus.
very hard to pull awa because of stron attraction
ion
atom with a charge due to gain or loss of an electron
ionization energy
amount of energy used to remove an electron
atomic radius down column
gets larger
because outer electrons filll higher sublevel in a higher eneergy level farther away from nuclues
atomic radius across period
gets smaller because increased electron pull towards nucleus results in a lower atomic radius
atomic radius
size of radius
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