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| development of new technologies in Ukraine and Russia |
a. needles, multilayered clothing, weaving, nets, baskets, pottery,etc.
b. partially underground dwellings made from mammoth remains
c. suggests semipermanent settlement
d. creation of female figurines (“Venus figurines”)
i. have been found all across Europe |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:59:08 GMT |
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| cave paintings |
the earliest Europeans left hundreds of cave paintings: depictions of animals and humans and abstract designs (maybe early form of writing)
a. scholars debate the meaning of cave images
i. perhaps examples of “totemic” thinking—the belief that particular people are associated with or descended from particular animals
ii. perhaps “hunting magic” to enhance success
iii. perhaps part of religious practice or rites of passage
iv. perhaps showed division of male and female realms |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:59:08 GMT |
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| Into Eurasia. When? |
40,000 years ago; middle east |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:59:08 GMT |
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| Out of Africa to the Ends of the Earth: First Migrations |
1. stayed there exclusively for about 150,000 years
2. Africa was home to the “human revolution,” in which culture became more important than biology in shaping human behavior
3. humans began to inhabit environments not touched by earlier hominids
4. technological innovation: use of stone and bone tools
5. hunting and fishing, not just scavenging
a. settlements planned around movement of game and fish
6. patterns of exchange
7. use of ornaments, perhaps planned burials
8. around 100,000 years ago: beginning of migrations out of Africa
a. adapted to nearly every environment on earth
b. much took place in the difficulties of the last Ice Age
i. ice lowered sea levels, created land bridges |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:59:08 GMT |
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| Homo sapiens |
emerged in eastern and southern Africa 250,000 years ago. |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:56:38 GMT |
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| It’s wrong to ignore the first 200,000 years of human experience. Why? |
1. archaeology reveals a great deal about these peoples
2. they settled the planet
3. they created the earliest human societies
4. they were the first to reflect on issues of life and death |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:56:38 GMT |
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| Paleolithic era |
95% of human history; old stone age |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:56:38 GMT |
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| one of the last gathering and hunting societies onearth |
Hazda of Tanzania |
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lherin07 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 18:56:38 GMT |
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