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revisions |
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history |
| 19th amendment |
wilson allowed women to vote |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:50 GMT |
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| Alice Paul |
broke away from the NAWSA to take a more militant approach; focused on winning the support of Congress and the president for an amendment to the Constitution; formed national Woman's Party |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:50 GMT |
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| carrie chapman catt |
energetic reformer who became the new president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association; argued for the vote as a broadening of democracy which would empower women and enable them to care for their families in an industrial society |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:13 GMT |
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| national urban league |
formed in 1911 to help those migrating from the South to northern cities; reflected its emphasis on self-reliance and economic advancement |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:13 GMT |
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| National Association for the Advancement of colored people |
NAACP; founded by Du Bois, other members of the Niagara movement, and a group of white progressives; mission- to abolish all forms of segregation and increase educational opportunities for African Americans |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:13 GMT |
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| WEB DuBois |
Demanded equal rights for African Americans’ argued that political and social rights were a prerequisite for economic independence; militant demands |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:20:13 GMT |
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| Booker T. Washington |
most influential African American at the turn of the century; head of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama; argued that blacks’ needs for education and economic progress were of foremost importance, and that they should concentrate on learning industrial skills for better wages, and only when this happened could they realize their other goal of political and social equality |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:19:25 GMT |
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| Niagara movement |
W.E.B. DuBois met with a group of black intellectuals to discuss a program of protest and action aimed at securing equal rights for blacks |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:19:25 GMT |
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| urban migration |
ratio of black population shifted toward the north
What motivated their decision to leave the south?
1) deteriorating race relations 2) destruction of their cotton crops by the boll weevil 3) job opportunities in northern factories |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:19:25 GMT |
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| Federal Farm Loan ACt 1916 |
12 regional federal farm loan banks were established to provide farm loans at low interest rates |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:19:25 GMT |
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| federal trade commission |
new regulatory agency empowered to investigate and take action against any unfair trade practice in every industry except banking and transportation |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:18:38 GMT |
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| Clayton Antitrust act 1914 |
strengthened the provisions in the Sherman Antitrust Act; contained a clause exempting unions from being prosecuted as trusts |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:18:38 GMT |
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| Federal Reserve Act 1914 |
Wilson’s plan for building both stability and flexibility into the US financial system |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:18:38 GMT |
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| Underwood Tariff 1913 |
substantially lowered tariffs for the first time in 50 years; under Woodrow Wilson; included a graduated income tax |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:18:37 GMT |
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| New Freedom |
Wilson’s plan in election of 1912; limit both big business and big government, bring about reform by ending corruption, and revive competition by supporting small business |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:17:40 GMT |
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| New Nationalism |
Roosevelt called for it in election of 1912; more government regulation of business and unions, women’s suffrage, and more social welfare programs |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:17:40 GMT |
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| Bull Moose Party |
Roosevelt started this party after dissenting with his old party, the Republicans; he claimed he was strong as a bull moose |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:17:40 GMT |
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| Eugene v. Debs |
One of the founders of the Socialist party; railway union leader who adopted socialism while jailed for the Pullman strike; critic of business and a champion of labor |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:17:40 GMT |
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| Socialists |
dedicated to the welfare of the working class; called for more radical reforms than the Progressives (public ownership of the railroads, utilities, and even or major industries such as oil and steel) |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:16:58 GMT |
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| Joseph Cannon |
Progressives became even angrier with Taft when he failed to support their effort to reduce the dictatorial powers of Congress’ leading conservative, Joe Cannon |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:16:58 GMT |
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| Payne-Aldrich Tariff 1909 |
passed by conservative Republicans under Taft (even though Taft was supposed to be Progressive); raised the tariff on most imports |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:16:58 GMT |
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| Mann-Elkins Act |
gave the Interstate Commerce Commision the power to suspend new railroad rates and oversee telephone, telegraph, and cable companies |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:16:58 GMT |
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| Gifford Pinchot |
in charge of National Conservation Commission; caused a fight when Taft fired him |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:15:16 GMT |
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| Newlands Reclamation Act 1902 |
provide money from the sale of public land for irrigation projects in western states |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:15:16 GMT |
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| meat inspection act 1906 |
provided that federal inspectors visit meatpacking plants to ensure they met minimum standards of sanitation |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:15:16 GMT |
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| pure food and drug act 1906 |
forbade manufacture, sale, and transportation of adulterated or mislabeled food and drugs |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:15:16 GMT |
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| Hepburn act 1906 |
the commission could fix just and reasonable rates for railroads |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:13:56 GMT |
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| Elkins Act 1903 |
ICC had greater authority to stop railroads from granting rebates to favored customers |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:13:56 GMT |
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| Anthracite Coal Miners Strike (1902) |
lack of coal (and warmth) scared many Americans; Roosevelt threatened to use troops when coal mine owners didn’t cooperate when he brought them and the union leaders to meet together |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:13:56 GMT |
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| Teddy Roosevelt; Square Deal |
tried to mediate the labor dispute with the coal miners by calling a union leader and coal mine owners to the White House |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:13:56 GMT |
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| Hiram Johnson |
fought against the economic and political power of the Southern Pacific Railroad |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:12:45 GMT |
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| Charles Evans Hughes |
battled fraudulent insurance companies |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:12:45 GMT |
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| Tom Johnson |
municipal reform of tax reform and three-cent trolley fares for the people of Cleveland, public ownership and operation of the city’s public utilities and services
one of the best known progressives |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:12:45 GMT |
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| Samuel Jones |
Golden Rule; Republican mayor, self-made millionaire who used to be a workingman; introduced a comprehensive program of municipal reform including free kindergartens, night schools, and public playgrounds |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:12:45 GMT |
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| social welfare |
worked for better schools, juvenile courts, liberalized divorce laws, safety regulations for tenements and factories, parole system, separate reformatories for juveniles, and limits on the death penalty |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:11:49 GMT |
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| 17th amendment |
Amendment required all US senators be elected by popular vote |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:11:49 GMT |
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| Robert La Follette |
Progressive governor of Wisconsin; came up with direct election of senators |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:11:49 GMT |
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| direct primary |
bypasses politicians and places the nominating process directly in the hands of the voters |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:11:49 GMT |
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| Australian ballot |
secret ballot |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:10:38 GMT |
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| muckraking |
Informing the public about the dirty realities of party politics and the scandalous conditions of factories and slums |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:10:38 GMT |
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| scientific management |
Way of organizing people in the most efficient manner in factories |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:10:38 GMT |
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| pragmatism |
Practical and balanced; James Dewey was a pragmatist that argued the good and true could not be known in the abstract as fixed and changeless ideals |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:10:38 GMT |
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| Henry Demarest Lloyd |
one of the earliest muckrakers |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:09:04 GMT |
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| Frederick Taylor |
scientific management |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:09:04 GMT |
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| william James and John Dewey |
leading pragmatist |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:09:04 GMT |
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| Dingley Tariff (1897) |
made gold the official standard of the US currency |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:09:04 GMT |
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| Mark Hanna |
did most of the work campaigning for McKinley, and he was the financial power behind the campaign |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:07:33 GMT |
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| William McKinley |
Republican presidential nominee in 1896 |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:07:33 GMT |
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| Gold bug Democrats |
wanted gold as currency |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:07:33 GMT |
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| Free silver |
using silver for money as well, thereby raising inflation |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:07:33 GMT |
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| William Jennings Bryan |
Silverite speaker; Cross of Gold speech made him the Democratic nominee for president in 1896 |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:06:40 GMT |
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| William Harvey, Coin’s Financial School |
Poor Americans’ troubles were caused by a conspiracy of rich bankers, and prosperity would return if only the government coined silver in unlimited quantities |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Coxey's Army |
A march to Washington by thousands of the unemployed led by Populist Jacob Coxey; demanded the federal government spend $500 million on public works programs to create jobs; leaders arrested, others went home |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Gold drain |
gold reserve low because a loss in value of silver caused many investors to trade their silver dollars for gold dollars |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Panic of 1893 |
Stock marker crashed as a result of overspeculation; dozens of railroads went bankrupt as a result of overbuilding |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:05:09 GMT |
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| Omaha platform |
Populist political platform; called for both political and economic reforms
politically, it demanded the restoration of government to the people by means of direct popular election of US senators, and enacting of state laws by voters themselves
economically, they advocated unlimited coinage of silver to increase the money supply, a graduated income tax, public ownership of railroads by the US government, telegraph and telephone systems owned and operated by the government, loan and federal warehouses for farmers to stabilize prices, and an 8-hr work day |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:05:09 GMT |
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| Populist Party |
members of the Farmers’ Alliances who were discontent with Republican setbacks of 1890; wanted to do something about the concentration of economic power in the hands of trusts and bankers |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:05:08 GMT |
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| Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890) |
outlawed combinations in restraint of trade |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:05:08 GMT |
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| McKinley Tariff (1890) |
raised the tax on foreign products to a peacetime high |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:03:35 GMT |
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| Veterans' pensions |
increased during the presidency of Harrison and the control of Republicans in Congress |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:03:35 GMT |
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| Benjamin Harrison |
republican candidate in election of 1888; supporter of a high tariff |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:03:35 GMT |
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| Bland-Allison Act (1878) |
compromise law; allowed only a limited coinage of silver each month at the standard silver to gold ratio of 16 to 1 |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:03:35 GMT |
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| Crime of 1873 |
Congress stopped coining silver |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:02:23 GMT |
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| James B. Weaver |
member of the Greenback party elected to Congress; future leader of the Populist Party |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:02:23 GMT |
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| Greenback party |
supporters of paper money |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:02:23 GMT |
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| Pendleton Act |
set up Civil Service Commission and created a system by which applicants for classified federal jobs would be selected on the basis of their scored on an exam; prohibited civil servants from making political contributions |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 18:02:23 GMT |
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| "Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion" |
label for the Democrats in the election of 1884 |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:58:50 GMT |
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| Grover Cleveland |
Democrat nominee in election of 1884; Honest, frugal, conscientious, uncompromising; fathered an illegitimate child; Jeffersonian Democrat; new civil service system |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:58:50 GMT |
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| James G. Blain |
reshaped Republicans from an antislavery party into a well-organized, business-oriented party; connected with railroad scandal and other corrupt dealings |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:58:50 GMT |
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| Thomas Reed |
Speaker of the House in 1890 and instituted an autocratic rule over the House that took years to break |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:58:50 GMT |
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| Chester A. Arthur |
Stalwart VP, succeeded Garfield; distanced himself from Stalwarts, supported a bill reforming civil service, and approved the development of a modern American navy; began to question high protective tariff; not renominated |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:56:30 GMT |
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| James Garfield |
Halfbreed with a Stalwart vice president; Republican; Besieged by Republicans seeking federal jobs; spoils system caused problems; shot by a Stalwart |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:56:30 GMT |
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| Rutherford B. Hayes |
winner of disputed election of 1876; ended Reconstruction and attempted to reestablish honest government after the corrupt Grant administration; cut of flow of liquor to the White House and vetoed efforts to restrict Chinese immigration |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:56:30 GMT |
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| Mugwumps |
led by James G. Blaine, rival of Stalwarts |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:56:30 GMT |
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| Halfbreeds |
Republicans who did not play the patronage game and supported neither the Stalwarts nor the Mugwumps |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:55:27 GMT |
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| Stalwarts |
led by Roscoe Conkling |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:55:27 GMT |
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| Roscoe Conkling |
powerful leader of Republican party by dictating who in the Republican ranks would be appointed to lucrative jobs in the New York Customs House |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:55:27 GMT |
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| Gilded Age |
time of forgettable presidents, politicians who largely ignored problems arising from the growth of industries and cities, and major parties who avoided taking a stand on controversial issues
Solid South- solid Democratic area |
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lherin07 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 17:55:27 GMT |
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