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| inhibitor |
a substance that slows a reaction |
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| Enzymes |
help your body use food for fuel |
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| Catalyst |
Substance that Speeds up the rate of reaction |
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| Limiting reactent |
the substance that there is not enough of |
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| Concentration |
the amount of substances ppresent in a certin volume |
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| Activation energy |
the amount of energy the particles must have when they collide with eachother. |
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| Insoluble |
A compound that cannot disolve in water |
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| Soluble |
A compound that can disolve in liquid |
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| Le Chatelier's Principle |
If stress is applied to a system at equailibrium the system shifts into the direction that relieves that stress |
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| Dynamic Equailibrium |
When opposite reactions are taking place at the same time. |
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| equallibrium |
When no net change occurs in a reaction |
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| Combustion |
A reaction inwhich a substance rapidly combines with oxygen to form one more |
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| Double Displacement |
The positive ions of 2 ionic compounds are interchanged |
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| Single Displacement |
A reaction in which 1 reactent replaces the other in a compund |
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| Decompisition |
when one compund break down into 2 or more sinmpilar substances |
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| synthesis |
When 2 or more substances combine to form a single product |
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| Coefficient |
A number infront of the reactent to indicate how many units are involved |
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| Product |
When reactants undergo a chem. change, each new substance that is formed is this |
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| reactant |
a substance that undergos a reaction |
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| Hydroncarbon |
an organic compound only containing the elements carbon and hydrogen |
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| Inorganic Compounds |
Compounds not containing carbon |
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| Organic Compounds |
Compounds containing carbon |
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| Allotrops |
Molecules that differ in crystalline or molecular structure |
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| Molecular Element |
A molecule that forms when atoms of the same element bond. |
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| Distillation |
the method of seperating substances from a mixture by evaporating the liquid |
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| anhyrous |
Heating hydrates to drive off water. |
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| Deliquescent |
substances taking up enough water in the air to disolve from a liquid solution |
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| Hygroscopic |
Compounds that easily absorb water from air |
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| Polyatomic Ion |
an ion that has 2 or more different elements |
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| Oxidation Number |
The charge on the ion |
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| Formula Unit |
The simplest ratio of ions |
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| Binary compounds |
a compound only containing 2 elements |
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| Interparticle forces |
The forces between molecules |
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| Electrolyte |
any compoud that conducts electricity when disolved or melted in water. |
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| Molecule |
an uncharged group of 2 or more atoms held together by a covalent bond. |
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| Covalent Compound |
A compound who's atoms are held together by covalent bonds |
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| Covalent Bond |
the attraction of two atoms for a shared pair of electrons |
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| Ionic Bond |
strong attractive force between ions of opposite charge |
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| Ionic compuond |
A compund composed of ions |
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| The octet rule |
an atom becomes stable by having 8 electrons in its outer energy levels. |
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| Chemical Properties of Carbin Dioxide |
denser than air, deprives fire of oxygen |
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| Physical Properties of Carbon Dioxide |
colorless, odorless gas, and tasteless gas. Soluble in water |
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| Propertise of Chlorine |
Pale green, Poisonous at room temp |
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| Properties of Sodium |
Shiney silvery white. Metalic element. can be cut with a knief. |
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| Chemical properties of salt |
it's state doesnt change very easily. Melts at 800 degrees C |
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| Physical Properties of Salt |
solid at room temperature. brittle crystals. |
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| Semiconductor |
element that doesn't conduct as well as a metal, does so better than a non metal. |
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| Metaliods |
have chemical and physical properties of non metals. |
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| Nonmetals |
opposite of metals |
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| Actinides |
Second series of inner transition elements. 90-103 |
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| Lanthinides |
First series of inner transition elements. consiting of number 58=71 |
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| transition elements |
elements in grps. 3-12 |
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| Metals |
Elements that have luster, conduct heat and electricity, and can bend without breaking |
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| Noble gases |
grp. 18 elements |
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| Group |
vertical columns |
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| Period |
A horizontal row |
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| Periodic Law |
Physical and chemical properties of the elements recur in a regular pattern when they are arranged in an increasing atomic number |
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| Periodicity |
The tendancy to recur at regular intervals |
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