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| cAMP receptor protein |
is a regulatory protein in bacteria. This protein binds cAMP, which causes a conformational change that allows the protein to bind tightly to a specific DNA sequence in the promoters of the genes it controls |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:38:15 GMT |
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| virulent phage |
A phage that cannot become a prophage; infection by such a phage always leads to lysis of the host cell. |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:38:15 GMT |
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| corepressor |
a molecule that is capable of combining with a specific repressor molecule and activating it, thereby blocking gene transcription |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:38:15 GMT |
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| viroid |
a plant pathogen composed of molecules of naked circular RNA only several nucleotides long |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:35:58 GMT |
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| viral envelope |
a membrane that cloaks the capsid that in turn encloses a viral genome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:35:58 GMT |
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| vaccine |
a harmless variant or derivative of a pathogen that stimulates a host's immune system to mount defenses against a pathogen |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:35:58 GMT |
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| transposon |
a transposable genetic element; a mobile segment of DNA that serves as an agent of genetic change |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:35:58 GMT |
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| transduction |
a DNA-transfer process used by phages to carry bacterial genes from one host to another |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:32:28 GMT |
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| transformation |
1. the conversion of a normal animal cell to a cancerous cell. 2. A change in genotype and phenotype due to the assimilation of external DNA by a cell |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:32:28 GMT |
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| temperate phages |
phages that are capable of using either the lytic or lysogenic cycle |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:32:28 GMT |
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| specialized transduction |
the transfer of only those genes near the prophage site on the bacterial chromosome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:32:28 GMT |
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| reverse transcriptase |
an enzyme encoded by some RNA virsues that uses RNA as a template for DNA |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:28:20 GMT |
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| retrovirus |
a RNA virus that reproduces by transcribing its RNA into DNA and then inserting the DNA into a cellular chromosome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:28:20 GMT |
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| regulatory gene |
a gene that codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:28:19 GMT |
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| repressor |
a protein that surpresses the transcription of a gene |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:28:19 GMT |
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| R plasmid |
a bacterial plasmid carrying genes that confer resistance to certain antibodics |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:25:08 GMT |
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| plasmid |
a small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes seperate from those of a bacterial chromosome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:25:08 GMT |
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| prions |
an infectious form of protein that may increase in number by converting related proteins to more prions |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:25:08 GMT |
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| provirus |
viral DNA that inserts into a host genome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:25:07 GMT |
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| prophage |
a phage genome that has benn inserted into a specific site on the bacterial chromosome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:21:58 GMT |
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| phage |
a virus the infects bacteria |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:21:58 GMT |
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| operon |
a unit of genetic function common in bacteria and phages, consisiting of coordinatly regulated clusters of genes with related functions |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:21:57 GMT |
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| operator |
in prokaryotic DNA, a sequence of nucleotides near the start of an operon to which an active repressor can attach |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:21:56 GMT |
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| nucleoid |
a dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:18:42 GMT |
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| lysogenic cycle |
a phage relication cycle in which the viral genome becomes incorporated into the bacterial host chromosome as a prophage and does not kill the host |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:18:42 GMT |
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| lytic cycle |
a type of viral replication cucle resulting in the release of enw phages by lysis of the host |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:18:42 GMT |
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| insertion sequence |
the simplilist kind of transposome, consisting of inverted repeats of DNA flanking a gene for transpoase |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:18:42 GMT |
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| inducer |
a specific small molecule that inactivates the repressor in an operon |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:14:30 GMT |
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| HIV |
the infectious agent that causes AIDS; HIV is an RNA retrovisurs |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:14:30 GMT |
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| host range |
the limited range of host cells that each type of virus can infect and paraitize |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:14:30 GMT |
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| generalized transduction |
the random transfer of bacterial genes from one bacterium to another |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:14:30 GMT |
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| F plasmid |
the plasmid form of the F factor |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:11:43 GMT |
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| F factor |
a fertility factor in bacteria, a DNA segment that confers the ability to form pili |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:11:43 GMT |
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| episome |
a genetic element that can exist either as a plasmid or as part of the bacterial chromosome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:11:43 GMT |
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| cyclic AMP (cAMP) |
a ring shaped molecule made from ATP that is a common intracellular signaling molecule in eukaryotic cells |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:11:43 GMT |
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| conjugation |
a in bacteria, the direct transfer of DNA between two cells that are temporarily joined |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:07:35 GMT |
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| AIDS |
the name of the last stages of HIV infection; defined by a specified reduction of T cells |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:07:35 GMT |
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| bacteriophage |
a virus that infects bacteria |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:07:35 GMT |
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| capsid |
protein shell that encloses a viral genome |
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inomnia1 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 20:07:34 GMT |
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