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According to the Dietary Supplment Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), and dietary supplement is:
a. A product intended to treat disease
b. A product intended to replace a meal
c. A product intended to supplment the diet
d. A product intended to increase lean body mass.
e. A product intended to correct a nutritional deficiency |
c |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Deficiency of whch of the following is responsible for night-blindess?
a. Retinal
b. Folate
c. Leptin
d. Calcium
e. Vitamin E |
a |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Which information would NOT help you to determine whether a published scientific research article was a credible nutrition reference?
a. Funding source of the research study.
b. Qualifications of the researchers
c. Length of the journal article
d. quality of the study design
e. all of the above |
c |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 20:00:57 GMT |
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In what capacity does vitamin C function?
a. Coenzyme for energy release
b. Cofactor in collagen fomation
c. Cofactor with calcium in blood coagulation
d. Coenzyme in the formation of red blood cels
e. Anti-cancer drug |
b |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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What is the differences between liver and muscle glycogen?
a. There is no difference; liver and muscle glycogen can both be broken down into glucose for the whole body to use
b. Liver glycogen occurs naturally, while muscle glycogen is stored glucose from excess carbohydate intake.
c. Liver glycogen can be broken down into glucose for the entire body to use, while muscle glycogen is broken down into glucose used only by the muscle.
d. It takes longer to breakdown glycogen that is stored in the liver
e. Muscle is more sensitive to glucagen that is stored in the liver. |
c |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Which of the following statements concerning the FDA is true?
a. The FDA sets limits on the amount of each micronutrient availbale in a multivitamin pill
b. The FDA does not require that manufacturers provide evidences taht supplements are effective
c. The FDA premits claims on labels that supplements can cure disease
d. The distribution of dietary supplements is strictly regulated by the FDA
e. The FDA tests the safety of dietary supplements before they are marketed |
b |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:59:37 GMT |
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In the semi-starvation experiement, the volunteers actually lost weight after the high protein chicken dinner. Why?
a. The GI tract could not digest and absorb protein
b. The protein caused loss of excess wter
c. The high protein dinner with low carbohydrate reduced their glycogen stores
d. The chicken dinner reduced their fat absorption
e. They used the protein to make antibodies |
b |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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The FDA has issued ADIs for sugar and fat substitutes; what does ADI stand for?
a. Adequate Daily Intake
b. Acceptable Dietary Insulin
c. Adequate Dietary Intake
d. Acceptable Daily Intake
e. Adequate Dietary Insulin |
d |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Where in your body are the major signals for appetite processed?
a. Pituitary gland
b. Hypothalamus
c. Subthalamus
d. Spinal cord
e. Taste buds |
b |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Sugar subsitutes benefit which group(s) of people?
a. Diabetics who must monitor their blood glucose levels
b. Populations with glycogen storage disease
c. People who have too much of the enzyme glucokinase in the liver
d. All of the above
e. None of the above |
a |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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The following are examples of dietary supplements, EXCEPT:
a. Omega 3-Fatty Acids
b. Creatine
c. Caffeine
d. Tryptopan
e. Beta-carotene |
c |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:57:06 GMT |
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Vitamin K is essential for activating proteins required for:
a. Blood clotting
b. Blood vessel repair
c. Bone density
d. Preventing soft-tissue calcification
e. All of the above |
e |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:39:50 GMT |
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Beyond ethics concerns, let's imagine the leady character (played by Nicolas Cage) in the movie "Leaving Las Vegas" wanted to starve to death, instead of drinking himself to death. What sources of energy are used sequentially for starvation?
a. glycogen, body fat, proteins from muscles
b. proteins from muscles, glycogen, body fat
c. glycogen, proteins from muscles, body fat
d. proteins from muscles, body fat, glycogen
e. body fat, glycogen, proteins from muscles |
a |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:39:50 GMT |
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Which of the following is a function of proteins:
a. Proteins are used as structural material.
b. Proteins are important for immune function
c. Proteins prevent rebound hunger after a meal.
d. a and b only
e. All of the above |
e |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:39:50 GMT |
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Calcitrol is one of the two hormones that induce the intestine to absorb dietary CA++
True or Falce |
False |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:42:03 GMT |
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Humans use sunlight to synthesize Vitamin D from a precursor in the skin. What is that precursor?
a. Retinol
b. Tryptophan
c. Cholestorol
d. Beta-carotene
e. Niacin |
c |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:39:50 GMT |
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The FDA requires products with Olestra to be suplemented with fat-soluble vitamins because:
a. Olestra binds fat-soluble vitamins, thus interfering with their absorption, so food needs to be supplemented
b. Olestra is well digested by the body, so it can be a vehicle for vitamin absorption
c. Olestra causes the body's metabolism to be faster, so supplements in foods with Olestra will replace vitamins used
d. Olestra is usually found in unhealthy foods such as potato chips, so the addition of vitamins will make these products healthier.
e. Olestra and fat-soluble vitamins have opposite effects on serum cholesterol levels |
a |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:41:29 GMT |
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The primary role of the B-complex vitamins is to:
a. provide the body with energy
b. act as coenzymes
c. maintain and repair body tissues
d. maintain acide-base balance
e. function as anti-oxidants |
b |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:40:28 GMT |
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Which of the following states should a person be in to measure his/her basal metabolism rate?
a. fed, resting and wake
b. fed, sleeping
c. fasting, resting, and awake
d. fasting, sleeping
e. none of the above |
c |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:39:50 GMT |
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What are the problemantic aspects of using BMI (body mass index) as an overall indicator of obesity?
a. Same for men and women
b. no differentiation between ethnicities
c. Disregards various states of muscularity, regardless of muscle/fat content
d. Does not differentiate between waist v. hip fat: Not all fat is equal
e. All of the above |
e |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Which of the following happens in a fasting state?
a. Ketone bodies are formed
b. Metabolic rate slows down
c. Increased blood urea levels
d. a and b only
e. All of the above |
e |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Which of the following is the BEST strategy to reduce the risk for osteoporosis?
a. Consume adaquate Vitamin A and jog frequently
b. Consume adequate Vitamin B6 and swim frequently.
c. Consume adequate vitamin C and job frequently
d. Consume adequate calcium and job frequently
e. Consume adequate Vitamin E and swim frequently |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Which of the following is a type of neural tube defect?
a. Scurvy
b. Beriberi
c. Pellagra
d. Spina bifida
e. Myelin sheath damage |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Fad Diets make claims that sound too god to be true. The following are characteristics of fad diets EXCEPT:
a. the bill themselves as cur-alls for many ailments
b. They have lists of "good" and "bad" foods for you to follow
c. They promote use of expensive supplements and special formulas
d. They promote long-term changes in lifestyle and eating habits
e. They promote quick weight loss |
d |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:29:24 GMT |
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Energy is released with ATP is broken down to ADP and Pi.
True or False? |
True |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Which of the following is NOT associated with vitamin A deficiency?
a. Impaired immune function
b. Measles
c. Xerophthalmia
d. Osteoporosis
e. Childhood blindess |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Why do old people who are vitamin B12 deficient need injections of vitamin B12 instead of given orally?
a. Most of the have also folate deficiency which causes low absorption of oral Vitamin B12.
b. Old people are not responsible enough to take tablets.
c. Old people usually have low stomach acide and decrease instrinsic factor
d. Oral Vitamin B12 is easy to be destroyed by stomach acid
e. Most of them have a genetic deficiency of the Vitamin B12 transporter |
c |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:28:39 GMT |
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Why are Vitamin E deficiences rarely observed in humans?
a. We can synthesize Vitamin E from exposure to sun
b. Intestinal bacteria synthesize adequate levels of Vitamin E for most people
c. Excess levels of vitamin C can replace Vitamin E
d. Many foods contain Vitamin e
e. None of the above |
e |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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If a person has low vitamin A stores, which of the following is most beneficial?
a. Vegetable oil
b. Pototo
c. Sunshine
d. Exercise
e. Yellow or orange vegetables and fruits |
e |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:26:37 GMT |
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Which group of people is MOST in need of taking dietary supplements?
a. Children with a fever should take extra vitamin C
b. Athletes should take extra tryptophan
c. Pregnant woment should take extra folate and iron
d. Smokers should take extra thiamin
e. People at risk for heart disease should take extra Vitamin E |
c |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Retinoic acid is teratogenic. What does this mean?
a. It is fat soluble
b. It promotes growth
c. It affects epithelial cell function
d. It activates gene expression
e. It causes birth defects |
e |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:16:28 GMT |
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Which of the following are possible direct or indirect causes of obesity?
a. Heredity
b. lack of exercise
c. poor choice of food
d. b and c only
e. All of the above |
e |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Which of the following is true about leptin?
a. Obese people have higher levels of leptin - they may be leptin-resistant.
c. Leptin is involved in maturation of red blood cells
c. Leptin is invovled in immune responses.
d. b and c only
e. All are true |
e |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Which vitamin is NOT matched correctly with its deficiency state?
a. Thiamin - beriberi
b. Vitamin C - scurvy
c. Vitamin A - xerophthalmia
d. Vitamin E - osteomalacia
e. Niacin - pellagra |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Rebecca is 25 years old non-pregnant woman with a height of 5 feet 8 inches and weight 140 lb. Which person would have a LOWER basal metabolism rate than her?
a. A teenage girl with the same height and weight.
b. A male with the same age, height, and weight.
c. A 6-month pregnant woman with the same age, height, and weight.
d. A non-pregnant woman with the same age and weight but she is much shorter
e. None of the above |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Which elements are essential components of amino acids?
a. Carbon hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
b. Carbon hydrogen, oxygen, calcium
c. Carbon hydrogen, nitrogen, sodium
d. Carbon hydrogen, nitrogen, potassium
e. Carbon hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium |
a |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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Basal metabolic energy accounts for ___ of total energy use by body.
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 50%
d. 70%
e. 90% |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:14:38 GMT |
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What is the definition of BMI (body mass index)?
a. weight (kg)/height^2(cm^2)
b. height^2/weight(kg)
c. height^2(inches^2)/weight(pounds)
d. weight(kg)/height^2(m^2)
e. height^2(m^2)/weight(kg) |
d |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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A dog is fed a diet complete in all nutrients but Vitamin C will:
a. develop scurvy
b. die in about 6 months
c. catch many colds
d. show excessive bone loss
e. show no ill effects |
e |
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testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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When thiamin intake is excessive, it will be
a. Stored in the liver
b. Excreted in urin
c. Toxic to neural system
d. Able to bind bile and excreted slowly through feces
e. Able to enhance immune system and prevent certain diseases |
b |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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Which of the following is NOT true to how your body generates energy for use?
a. Fatty acids are converted to glucose for energy
b. Proteins are broken into amino acides, which can be converted to glucose
c. Muscle and liver glycogen are converted to glucose
d. Dietary fat is converted to fatty acids and glycerol for energy
e. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose for energy |
a |
1 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:02:03 GMT |
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Amy is strictly vegan and likes to eat rice. Her friend warned her she should eat beans with her rice or she could be nutritionally deficient. Is Amy's friend correct?
a. Yes, beans and rice are complementary protiens
b. Yes, rice is an incomplete protein but beans are a complete protein
c. No, rice is already a complete protein
d. No, rice has no limiting amino acids
e. No, rice and beans do not make a complete protein |
a |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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Which group are all water soluble vitamins?
a. Vitamin A, D, E
b. Thiamin, niacin, vitamin B12
c. Vitamin A, C, folate
d. Vitamin B6, D, C
e Vitamin K, niacin, riboflavin |
b |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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Why can't patients with Type I diabetes take insulin orally?
a. Type I diabetes patients do not need insulin
b. Insulin is denatured by HC1
c. Insulin is denatured by lymphocytes
d. Insulin is denatured by amylase
e. Insulin is denatured by glucagons |
b |
0 |
testprep Mon, 22 Oct 2007 19:00:29 GMT |
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