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| a ratio equal to one that expresses the same quantity in two different ways |
conversion factor |
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| the mass in grams of 1 mol of a substance |
molar mass |
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| the number of particles in 1 mole, equals 6.022x10-the the 23rd power/mol |
Avogrado's constant |
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| the Si Base unit that describes the amount of a substance |
mole |
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| the unreactive gaseous elements located in Group 18 of the periodic table |
noble gases |
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| the highly reactive elements in Group 17 of the periodic table |
halogens |
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| the metallic elements located in Groups 2-12 of the periodic table |
transition metals |
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| the reactive metallic elements located in Group 2 of the periodic table |
alkaline-earth metals |
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| the highly reactive metallic elements located in Group 1 of the periodic table |
alkali metals |
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| the elements that are intermediate conductors of heat and electricity |
semiconductors |
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| the elements that are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity |
nonmetals |
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| the elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity |
metals |
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| the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occuring isotopes of an element |
average atomic mass |
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| a quantity equal to one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom |
atomic mass unit (AMU) |
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| any atoms having the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
isotopes |
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| the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
mass number |
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| the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
atomic number |
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| an ion with a negative charge |
anion |
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| an ion with a positive charge |
cation |
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| an atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electrons and therefore has a net electric charge |
ion |
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| the process of adding electrons to or removing electrons from an atom or group of atoms |
ionization |
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| a vertical column of elements in the periodic table |
group (family) |
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| a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
period |
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| properties of elements tend to change in a regular pattern when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, or number of protons in their atoms |
periodic law |
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| an electron in the outermost energy level of an atom |
valence electron |
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| a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons |
orbital |
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| any of the possible energies an electron may have in an atom |
energy level |
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| a tiny negatively charged subatomic particle moving around outside the nucleus of an atom |
electron |
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| a neutral subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom |
neutron |
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| a positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom |
proton |
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| the center of an atom; made up of protons and neutrons |
nucleus |
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