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| Modified BPP |
NST and measurement of AFI (if both variables reassuring, assume results are equivalent to a BPP of 8/10) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:13:45 GMT |
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| Nonreassuring Interpretation of BPP |
0/10, 2/10, 4/10 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:13:45 GMT |
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| Equivocal Interpretation of BPP |
6/10 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:13:45 GMT |
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| Reassuring interpretation of BPP |
8/10, 10/10 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:12:37 GMT |
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| Fetal Biophysical Profile |
-Evaluates fetus using EFM and real-time sonography
-If fetus wasn’t reactive in nonstress test or the fetus isnt growing., then you may do this test.
-includes a NST, muscle tone, breathing movement, fetal movement, and amniotic fluid volume |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:12:37 GMT |
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| Nonstress Test |
-usually don if mom doesnt feel fetal movement
-Reactive NST: Two or more accelerations, each rising to >15 beats above the FHR baseline and lasting for a period of > 15 seconds, accomplished within a 20 minutes time frame
-if no accelerations, continue for at least 40 minutes
-if fetus is less than 32 weeks, do 10 by 10 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:12:37 GMT |
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| Uses high-frequency sound waves to scan a woman's abdomen or pelvic cavity, creating a picture, performed transvaginally during the first trimester and abdominally later on |
Ultrasound |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:12:37 GMT |
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| When are antibiotics given to the mother if she is positive for GBS? |
during labor |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:08:03 GMT |
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| When do you test for Group Beta streptococcus? |
35-37 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:08:03 GMT |
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| When do you test for gestational diabetes? |
24-28 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:08:03 GMT |
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| What does a quad screen include? |
MSAFP, hCG, unconjugated estriol, inhibin-A (creates a risk profile) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:08:03 GMT |
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| When is a quad screen done? |
16-18 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Current Model of Prenatal Care |
Once a month until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, weekly until birth |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Nagele's rule |
Determine first day of last menstrual period, subtract 3 calendar months, add 7 days and 1 year. |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:06:40 GMT |
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| EDC |
Estimated date of confinement |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:06:40 GMT |
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| Positive indicators of "Diagnosis of Pregnancy" |
Fetal heartbeat distinct from mother
Fetal movement felt by someone other than mother
Visualization of the fetus |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:03:36 GMT |
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| Couvade syndrome |
paternal partner gains weight, have N/V, feel labor pains, etc. |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:03:36 GMT |
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| When does morning sickness usually occur? |
4 wks to 3-months (but it can last longer and does not have to be in the morning) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:03:36 GMT |
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| What can help relieve backache? |
Pelvic rock! |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:03:36 GMT |
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| Striae gravidarum |
Stretch marks, usually fade away to a silver color |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:00:41 GMT |
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| Linea Nigra |
darkened line in the midline of the abdomen |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:00:41 GMT |
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| Chloasma |
"mask of pregnancy" from hormones, usually fades, stay out of sun, or use sunblock |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:00:41 GMT |
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| Why are pregnant women more susceptible to UTIs? |
urinary stasis, since everything dilates there is an increased place for urine to sit |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:00:41 GMT |
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| Why might a mom experience nasal congestion or nose bleeds? |
Increased vascularity of respiratory tract and edema. |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:58:44 GMT |
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| When does blood pressure drop? |
Slightly around the second trimester |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:58:44 GMT |
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| Should a mom have HTN? |
No! Everything dilates. Systemic resistance decreases. |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:58:44 GMT |
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| What might the mom's HR increase to? |
85 beats (shouldnt be more than 100) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:58:44 GMT |
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| What auscultory changes might occur? |
you might here a split of S1 and S2, you might hear S3, you might hear a systolic murmur |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:56:46 GMT |
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| Why might the mom have anemia? |
More volume than red blood cells |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:56:46 GMT |
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| What does the mom's blood volume increase by? |
1500 ml |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:56:46 GMT |
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| Funic souflle |
placental blood vessels |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:56:46 GMT |
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| Uterine souflle |
rate of the mom's heart |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:55:22 GMT |
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| Leukorrhea |
vaginal discharge, mom complains of being “wet down there,” whitish |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:55:22 GMT |
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| Chadwick Sign |
More bluish vagina and vulva |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:55:22 GMT |
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| When does quickening occur in a multiparous woman? |
14-16 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:55:22 GMT |
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| When does quickening occur in a nulliparous woman? |
18-20 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:54:15 GMT |
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| Goodell Sign |
Increased vascularity (softer and more bluish cervix), friability (spotting from touching) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:54:15 GMT |
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| Factors influencing uteroplacental blood flow |
Maternal arterial pressure
Uterine contractions (the blood flow stops essentially)
Maternal position (you do not want the mom on her back, supine) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:54:15 GMT |
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| Braxton Hicks contractions |
feel them later on in pregnancy, the uterus contracts and relaxes, are not frequent enough to dilate the cervix |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:54:15 GMT |
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| Lightening |
primigravida: 2 weeks before labor
multigravida: start of labor |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:52:27 GMT |
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| When is urinary frequency most prominent? |
at 40 weeks an early in the first trimester |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:52:27 GMT |
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| Size of uterus at 20 weeks |
at or FB below level of umbilicus |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:52:27 GMT |
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| Size of uterus at 14 weeks |
above the symphysis |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:52:27 GMT |
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| Size of uterus at 12 weeks |
grapefruit |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:51:11 GMT |
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| SIze of uterus at 10 weeks |
orange |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:51:11 GMT |
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| GTPAL |
Gravidity, Term, Preterm, Abortion, Living |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:51:11 GMT |
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| Viability |
capacity to live outside the uterus (22-25 weeks, usually 24) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:51:11 GMT |
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| Postdate or postterm |
pregnancy that does beyond 42 weeks gestation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:50:01 GMT |
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| Preterm |
pregnancy that has reached 20 weeks gestation but less than 37 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:50:01 GMT |
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| Term |
pregnancy from the beginning of week 37 to 42 |
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storeysl2 Sun, 05 Feb 2012 15:00:04 GMT |
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| Multipara |
woman who has completed 2 or more pregnancies to 20 weeks gestation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:50:01 GMT |
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| Primipara |
woman who has completed 1 pregnancy with a fetus r fetuses who have reached 20 weeks gestation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:49:06 GMT |
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| Nullipara |
woman who has not completed pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses to 20 weeks gestation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:49:06 GMT |
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| Parity |
number of pregnancies in which fetus or fetuses have reached 20 weeks of gestation, not the number of fetuses born-whether the fetus is born alive or stillbirth does not affect parity |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:49:06 GMT |
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| Multigravida |
woman who has had two or more pregnancies |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:49:06 GMT |
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| Primigravida |
woman who is pregnant for the first time |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:48:09 GMT |
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| Nulligravida |
woman who has never been pregnant |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:48:09 GMT |
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| Gravidity |
pregnancy |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:48:09 GMT |
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| Gravida |
woman who is pregnant |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:48:09 GMT |
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| What causes a false negative in pregnancy tests? |
diuretics/promethazine |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:47:32 GMT |
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| What causes a false positive in pregnancy tests? |
anticonvulsants/tranquilizers |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:47:32 GMT |
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| When should you take a pregnancy test? |
In the morning! |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:47:32 GMT |
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| Quickening |
Movement of the fetus, 16-20 weeks gestation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:47:32 GMT |
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| What does the placenta secrete? |
Estrogen and progesterone |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:45:44 GMT |
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| What hormone does a pregnancy test sense? |
Human chorionic gonadotropin |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:45:44 GMT |
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| Placenta |
Has 15-20 cotyledons, structure complete by 12th week, grows wider until 20 weeks |
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storeysl2 Sun, 05 Feb 2012 15:55:01 GMT |
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| 12 weeks gestation |
Eyelids close & will not reopen until approx. the 28th week
Face = well-formed
Limbs = long & thin
Genitals appear well differentiated
RBC’s are produced in the liver
Fetus can make fist w/ fingers
Tooth buds appear for the baby teeth |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:45:44 GMT |
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| How big is a baby at 12 weeks? |
2-3 inches long, 14 grams or 14 paperclips |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:44:15 GMT |
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| Risk of long cord |
can wrap around baby, get knots in it |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:44:15 GMT |
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| Risk of Short cord |
traction, baby can become asphyxiated during birth |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:44:15 GMT |
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| How long is the umbilical cord at term? |
2 cm in diameter and 30-90 cm long |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:44:15 GMT |
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| Wharton's jelly |
prevents compression of blood vessels |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:43:13 GMT |
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| How many veins does the umbilical cord have? |
One! Returns blood to the embryo (oxygenated blood) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:43:13 GMT |
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| How many arteries does the umbilical cord have? |
Two! They carry blood from the embryo to the chorionic villi (deoxygenated blood) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:43:13 GMT |
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| Polyhydramnios |
> 2 L of amniotic fluid (baby may not be drinking) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:43:12 GMT |
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| Oligohydramnios |
<300 ml of amniotic fluid (could be caused by dehydration from the mom's perspective, or from the baby's perspective, they might not be peeing) |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:41:01 GMT |
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| Maintains constant temp of fetus, cushions fetus, facilitates symmetrical growth, allows fetus to move. |
Amniotic fluid |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:41:01 GMT |
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| Fetus |
8 weeks-birth |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:41:01 GMT |
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| Embryo |
2-8 weeks |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:41:01 GMT |
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| Finger-like projections extending into the blood-filled spaces of the endometrium |
Chorionic vili |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:39:26 GMT |
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| What cells form the outer layer of the blastocyst? |
Trophoblasts |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:39:26 GMT |
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| Where does the blastocyst embed? |
endometrium |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:39:26 GMT |
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| When the egg implants in the fallopian tube, not the uterus |
Ectopic pregnancy |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:39:26 GMT |
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| Hollow sphere of cells that implants 7-10 days after fertilization |
Blastocyst |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:38:24 GMT |
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| 16 cells, produced approximately at 3 days after fertilization |
Morula |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:38:24 GMT |
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| How long are ova considered fertile? |
24 hours after ovulation |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:38:24 GMT |
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| How long does sperm remain viable? |
48-72 hours |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:38:24 GMT |
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| Where does fertilization take place? |
Ampulla of the fallopian tube |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:37:07 GMT |
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| A diploid cell with 46 chromosomes that results form the fertilization of the ovum by the spermatozoan |
Zygote Stage |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:37:07 GMT |
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| Third Trimester |
weeks 27-40 |
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storeysl2 Sun, 05 Feb 2012 15:00:28 GMT |
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| Second Trimester |
weeks 14-26 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:37:07 GMT |
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| First trimester |
weeks 1-13 |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:35:55 GMT |
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| How long is pregnancy? |
10 lunar months = 40 weeks = 280 days |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:35:55 GMT |
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| maternal mortality |
maternal deaths/100,000 live births |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:35:55 GMT |
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| infant mortality rate |
deaths of <1 year of age/1000 live births |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:35:55 GMT |
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| birth rate |
live births/1000/year |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:33:08 GMT |
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| perinatal mortality rate |
stillbirths and neonatal deaths/1000 live births |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:33:08 GMT |
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| neonatal mortality rate |
infants < 28 days/1000 live births |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:33:08 GMT |
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| Number one reason for infant mortality |
prematurity |
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storeysl2 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:33:08 GMT |
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