| front |
back |
revisions |
lasted changed by |
history |
| how corrugated is listed |
length x width x depth |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:51:14 GMT |
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| summary of flute sizes |
A- Largest***************
C
B
E (Micro flute) smallest |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:50:34 GMT |
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| e flute |
Compete with folding cartons
Smallest Flute (1/16” tall .0625”)
90-98 flutes/foot
Stiffer
Lighter
Better cushion than paperboard
Better insulation
Fast food
Runs on folding carton equipment |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:50:34 GMT |
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| c flute |
Compromise between A & B flute
Most common type
Good stacking strength
Fair - Good printing surface
Fair flat crush strength
5/32” tall (.156”)
39-45 flutes/ft |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:50:34 GMT |
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| b flute |
Correction for A flute drawbacks
1/8” tall (.125”)
47-53 flutes/ft
Good printing surface
Increased flat crush strength
Less shipping space occupied
Less cushion benefit
Lower stacking strength |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:50:34 GMT |
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| a flute |
The original standard
3/16” tall (.1875”)
33-39 flutes/foot
Excellent cushion
Good stacking strength
Poor printing surface
Easily damaged in storage
Occupies shipping space (thick) |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:49:32 GMT |
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| types of corrugated |
Single face, double face
A,B,C,E, F flute
Single, double, triple wall |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:49:32 GMT |
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| songle wall corrugated |
2 facings (linerboard plies)
1 medium (Fluted Center)
Most common type of corrugated |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:49:32 GMT |
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| single facer |
Sheet of facing (liner board) joined to corrugated medium
Corrugated medium
Water based glue on tips of flutes
Liner brought to contact
Heat to “set” the glue |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:49:32 GMT |
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| dingle face corrugated |
1 face (linerboard plies)
1 medium (Fluted Center)
Flexible
Used as a protective wrapping |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:48:39 GMT |
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| benefits of corrugated |
Primary container of choice for shipping
Stacking strength and cushioning
Merchandising / displayability
Recyclability |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:48:39 GMT |
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| recycled kraft |
Greater variability in properties |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:48:39 GMT |
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| virgin kraft |
Can contain up to 20% recycled kraft |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:48:39 GMT |
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| Solid unbleached sulfate |
(SUS) 100% chemical pulp |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:42:24 GMT |
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| Clay coated newsback |
(CCNB) SWL with a gray newsback liner |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:42:24 GMT |
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| machine direction |
long direction of web |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:42:24 GMT |
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| structure |
composition of paper |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:42:24 GMT |
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| caliper |
thickness of the sheet expressed in thousands of inch. |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:41:29 GMT |
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| Basis weight – |
– weight of know area of paper |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:41:29 GMT |
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| cylinder machine |
no headbox, makes heavy grades paperboard > 12 points |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:41:29 GMT |
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| water removal from paper techniques... |
Gravity
Suction
Pressing
Drying rolls
Paper dries to 5-10% moisture |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:41:29 GMT |
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| slurry |
Slurry for making paper - Initial mixture of pulp and water (about 97% water and 3% solids) is fed into beater |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:39:43 GMT |
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| headbox= |
forming |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:39:43 GMT |
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| things added to pulp.... |
Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorine containing compounds
Bleaching
Sizing
Imparts a degree of water repellency
Starches and gums
Improve tensile strength
Improve stiffness
Clay, Talc, Titanium Dioxide
Improve opacity
Improve printing quality |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:39:43 GMT |
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| types of paperboard |
clay coated newsboard
solid bleached sulfate
kraft liner board |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:39:43 GMT |
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| heavy weight paper |
Multiwall Bags
Composite Cans
Paper lamination
Labels & Tapes |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:37:54 GMT |
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| paperboard |
at least 300 micrometer (.012") thick |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:37:54 GMT |
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| 3 kinds of fiber extraction |
mechanical
thermomechaical
chemical extraction |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:37:54 GMT |
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| softwoods |
good tensile, puncture, tear, and fold strength
but poor formation & printing |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:37:54 GMT |
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| hardwoods |
smooth, good formation
even, good printing but poor physical strength |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:35:50 GMT |
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| first cylinder or mould machine |
john dickinson |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:35:50 GMT |
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| first paper mill in america |
1690
william rittenhouse |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:35:50 GMT |
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| after guttenberg |
Demand increased rapidly
Supply of rags became inadequate
Forced shift to wood as fiber source
Process based on observations of wasps building nests
Still primary raw material |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:35:50 GMT |
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| before guttenberg.... |
single sheet manufacturing |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:33:56 GMT |
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| LOOK OVER LECTURE 12 |
???????? |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:33:55 GMT |
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| extrusions |
Co-extrusion (Film Manufacture)
Profile Extrusion (Tubes or disks)
Sheet Extrusion (Cast Film Manufacture)
Blown Film Extrusion (Film Manufacture)
Extrusion Blow Molding (Container Manufacture) |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:33:55 GMT |
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| coextrusion blow molding |
Virgin LDPE
Tie layer
Regrind LDPE
Tie layer
Virgin LDPE
Split molds
move in to grasp
tube and out to
release bottle |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:33:55 GMT |
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| extrusion blow molding |
Polyethylene (low Density) LDPE, LLDPE
Polypropylene PP
Polyethylene – Terephthalate PET
Poly Vinyl Chloride PVC
Bottles and containers, detergent, oil and household chemicals
Automotive fuel tanks, Ice chests, tackle boxes.
Watering cans
Boat fenders etc |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:28:11 GMT |
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| Injection Blow Molding |
Typical Materials Used :
Polyethylene (low Density) LDPE, LLDPE
Polypropylene PP
Polyethylene – Terephthalate PET
Poly Vinyl Chloride PVC
Polyethylene (high density) HDPE |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:28:11 GMT |
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| blow molding for bottles (3 types) |
Injection Blow Molding
Injection Stretch Blow Molding
Extrusion Blow Molding |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:28:11 GMT |
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| characteristics of a plastic bottle |
hollow vessels
manufactured from thermoplastic material
finish that has a smaller diameter than the body
requires a blow molding process where air pressure is used with a mold to create the shape |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:28:11 GMT |
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| POLYPROPYLENE |
clarity high melting temp |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:25:55 GMT |
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| FINS SOCIETY OS PLASTIC INDUSTRY--IMPORTANT |
?????? |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:25:55 GMT |
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| enviroment and eps |
EPS has also been a target of certain environmental groups
Litter problems resulting from careless disposal of fast food packages
Numerous attempts, some temporarily successful, to ban the use of EPS food service items in certain states, cities, or counties such as McDonalds clam shells.
Today, there is very little recycling of food service items made of EPS, probably because of the difficulty of cleaning off the food residue
Large volumes of other EPS items, particularly cushioning, are being recycled, often into peanuts |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:25:55 GMT |
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| polystyrene-ps |
Foamed and unfoamed forms
Foamed expanded polystyrene is called EPS
Widely used for applications where products must be protected from damage by shocks
Egg cartons are often made of EPS
Loose fill cushioning, "packaging peanuts made of EPS“ .
Cushion products and fill the voids in a shipping container
Shaped cushions for televisions, computers, VCR's, telephones, appliances, and many other products |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:25:55 GMT |
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| Polyvinyl Chloride - PVC |
A very tough resin with excellent clarity
At one time, many packaging professionals felt that PVC would become the "standard" packaging plastic
Has not happened – 2 problems
Problem 1: Chlorine in the PVC molecule
If PVC is burned, combustion may produce dioxin, a very poisonous and carcinogenic chemical
Environmental groups have tried to get PVC banned in various countries
Problem 2: Word "vinyl" in the name
Nearly 50 years ago, there was a series of news stories about the dangers of working in plants which produce vinyl having increased risk of cancer'
banned used for shampoo conditioner meat wrapping |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:21:25 GMT |
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| Polyethylene Terephthelate - PET (Polyester) |
Good tensile strength, when formed into a bottle, PET can resist the internal pressure from carbonation.
Widely used as bottles for carbonated soft drinks.
“Fair”, but acceptable barrier to oxygen and carbon dioxide
Shelf life of carbonated beverages is only about 6 to 8 weeks when packaged in PET compared to months or even years when packaged in glass or aluminum containers.
SOFT DRINK |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:19:47 GMT |
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| polypropylene |
More dense than PE
Excellent clarity and sparkle**
Does not change color or get brittle with age
Higher melting temperature than most other packaging plastics
oven containers, caps lids, squeeze bottles |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:19:47 GMT |
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| high density polyethylene |
Different manufacturing process
Less branching than LDPE
May be clear like LDPE
Often translucent, white, milky appearance
Formed into cups, tubs, and film and bottles |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:19:47 GMT |
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| Low density polyethylene |
Most widely used packaging plastic
Flexible, transparent, and low in cost
Very low water vapor permeability - good moisture barrier
Poor barrier to oxygen and carbon dioxide
Relatively inert chemically and almost insoluble in most solvents
Can be processed into bottles, films, bags, closures, etc.
Can be coated or co-extruded with other plastics to make a new material with different properties.
A primary application is the manufacture of bags, including plastic grocery bags, dry cleaning bags, and small bags for holding hardware and similar items. |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:17:24 GMT |
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| polyethylene |
high/low density
Most widely used packaging plastic
Flexible, transparent, and low in cost
Very low water vapor permeability - good moisture barrier
Poor barrier to oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:17:24 GMT |
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| Big 5 plastics |
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyester
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl Chloride |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:17:24 GMT |
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| Increae in use of plastics because.... |
The growth of plastic packaging has accelerated rapidly since the 1970s, largely because of four characteristics of plastics:
low density
formability
strength and damage resistance
economics |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:17:24 GMT |
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| packaging trends |
- 50 % films
- 40 % containers
- 6 % closures
- 4 % adhesives and other uses |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:14:25 GMT |
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| 1933-polyethylene |
waterproofing electronics |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:14:25 GMT |
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| raw materials needed for plastic |
naptha, natural gas, petrochemicals, bio based materials |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:14:25 GMT |
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| thermosets |
Thermoset materials harden when heated or, in some cases, when they are treated with certain chemicals. After the initial set, thermoset materials no longer soften when heated. They are not recyclable except as inert fill in concrete or other materials |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:14:25 GMT |
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| thermoplastics |
Thermoplastics are materials which soften when heated and harden again when cooled. This process can be repeated indefinitely. Because of this behavior, thermoplastics are recyclable to some extent. |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:12:37 GMT |
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| plastics are... |
synthetic resins, solid but can be molded with heat |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:12:37 GMT |
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| can dimensioning |
diameter x height
in 16ths of an inch |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:12:37 GMT |
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| soldered cans |
lead based |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:12:37 GMT |
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| two peice |
top, combined body and bttom |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:08:49 GMT |
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| three peice |
top bottom body |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:08:49 GMT |
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| aluminum |
Third most abundant element on earth
Weighs about 1/3 as much as a similar volume of steel
About 1/3 as much strength as steel
Common material today
Very rare until the 20th century
In 1800's aluminum was more valuable than gold or silver
Used for jewelry and other decorative items |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:08:49 GMT |
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| steel |
Strong
Relatively inexpensive as a packaging material
An established industry manufactures steel and makes steel products, including steel cans.
Steel is non-toxic.
Excellent moisture, gas, and light barrier
Magnetic material
Useful when steel is to be separated from aluminum for recycling. |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:08:49 GMT |
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| metals used for packaging |
lead-tubes
steel-cans, barrels, drums
aluminum- beer beverage |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:07:08 GMT |
|
| thomas kensett |
brought canning to america
used glass jars first--then went to tin. canned food |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:07:08 GMT |
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| problems with durant |
corrosion
leaks-quality problems |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:07:08 GMT |
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| Durant (english) |
invented tin canister
had lead-led to health problems |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 01:07:08 GMT |
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| glass bottle recycling |
26 bottles produced contain recycled content
can have up to 70% recycled content |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:56:59 GMT |
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| body |
top portion-shoulder
heel-curved bottom
wide wall- between shoulder and heel
mold seem: mark from matching two part of bpdy mold (vertical) |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:56:58 GMT |
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| finish |
top |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:56:58 GMT |
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| press and blow |
wide mouth
pressed into shape- then blown into final shape |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:56:58 GMT |
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| blow-blow |
narrow necked bottles.
blown into pre-form then blown into shape |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:53:32 GMT |
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| "gob" |
lump of glass that drops off and is formed |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:53:32 GMT |
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| how glass is made |
batch house, furnace bridgewall, refiner, forehearth |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:53:32 GMT |
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| cullet |
80% |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:53:32 GMT |
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| class comp |
sand(silica),soda,lime,alumina |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:48:28 GMT |
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| glass |
no crystaline brittle, shows no discontinous change |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:48:28 GMT |
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| environmental |
Moisture
Oxygen
CO2 and other gasses
Temperature
Light
Infestation
Shock & Vibration
Tampering Resistant
Child |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:48:28 GMT |
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| communication |
- Signs
- Words
- Symbols
- Color
- Shape |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:48:28 GMT |
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| protection |
shocks, vibe
biosphere, atmosphere
protection of consumer |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:43:22 GMT |
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| containment |
ability to hold |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:43:22 GMT |
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| 4 basic function |
Containment
Protection
Communication
Utility / Convenience |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:43:22 GMT |
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| historical causes of change |
war
new technology
defined customer need
cost savings |
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do9 Wed, 29 Feb 2012 00:43:22 GMT |
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| glass manufacturing process |
batchhouse
furnice
foreherth |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:43:24 GMT |
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| how much percent of glass is cullet? |
80 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:43:24 GMT |
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| libby owens |
1903 first fully auto bottle making machine |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 04:43:47 GMT |
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| invention of glass for containers 25%of glass of containers by.. |
1880 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 04:43:47 GMT |
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| glass manufacturing Jamestown |
1608 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 04:43:47 GMT |
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| blowpipe invented? |
300 BC phenocians |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 04:43:47 GMT |
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| convenience |
package feature that adresses ease of use |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:59:00 GMT |
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| Utility |
package feature that deals with the function and performance |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:59:00 GMT |
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| basic functions of a package |
Containment
Protection
Communication
Utility / Convenience |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:59:00 GMT |
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| persona should |
Appeal to the targeted customer
Suggest favorable product attributes |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:59:00 GMT |
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| persona |
describing a package as if it were a person |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:30:18 GMT |
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| equity |
trust in a product |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:30:18 GMT |
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| product value |
product value=quality x service/cost x time |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:30:18 GMT |
|
| Professor Neil Borden |
Marketing Mix |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:30:18 GMT |
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| Historical Cause of Change |
War – military conflicts
New Technology
Defined Customer or Consumer Need
Cost Savinngs |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:18:07 GMT |
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| lots of modern snacks |
80s |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:18:07 GMT |
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| PET bottles for soft drinks. |
1976 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:18:07 GMT |
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| High-density polyethylene milk bottles |
1961 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:18:07 GMT |
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| Polypropylene is invented. |
1954 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:16:30 GMT |
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| Low density polyethylene |
1935 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:16:30 GMT |
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| first paper mill |
1690 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:16:30 GMT |
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| grutenberg printing press |
1440 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:16:30 GMT |
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| tin plating |
1200 AD bavaria |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:14:31 GMT |
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| Nicolas Appert |
father of canning preserving food in class bottles |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:14:31 GMT |
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| Napoleon |
1795 preserve food for military |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:14:31 GMT |
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| plastic? |
Plastic 1935 AD low density polyethtlene |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:14:31 GMT |
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| Metal? |
Metal 1200 AD in Bohemia |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:11:05 GMT |
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| paper? |
200 ad han dynasty |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:11:05 GMT |
|
When was glass first made?
when and where first industrialized? |
Glass began in 7000BC, not industrialize till 1500 BC in Egypt |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:11:05 GMT |
|
| how many packing preograms in US |
10 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:11:05 GMT |
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| placement after graduation |
80% |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:01:21 GMT |
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| prestent building |
1964 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:01:21 GMT |
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| independent school of packaging |
1957 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:01:21 GMT |
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| established |
1952 |
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do9 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 03:01:21 GMT |
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