| front |
back |
revisions |
lasted changed by |
history |
| SQ3R study method |
study, question, read, review, and reflect |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:57:22 GMT |
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| social psychologists |
explore how we view and affect one another |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:57:22 GMT |
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| personality psychologists |
investigate our persistent traits |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:57:22 GMT |
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| cognitive psychologists |
experiment with how we perceive, think, and solve problems |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:56:11 GMT |
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| developmental psychologists |
study our changing abilities from birth to death |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:56:11 GMT |
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| biological psychologists |
explore the links between brain and mind |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:56:11 GMT |
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| biggest issue in psychology |
the relative contributions of biology and experience (nature vs nurture)
nurture works on what nature endows |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:56:11 GMT |
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| psychology's subfields |
1) basic research 2) applied research 3) counseling 4) clinical 5) psychiatry |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:50:56 GMT |
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| psychology's perspectives |
1) neuroscience 2) evolutionary 3) behavior genetics 4) psychodynamic 5) behavioral 6) cognitive 7) social-cultural |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:50:56 GMT |
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| psychiatry |
a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:50:56 GMT |
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| clinical |
a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:49:23 GMT |
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| counseling |
a branch of psychology that assists people with problem in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:49:23 GMT |
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| applied research |
scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:49:23 GMT |
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| basic research |
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:49:23 GMT |
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| social-cultural perspective |
how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:48:47 GMT |
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| cognitive perspective |
how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:48:47 GMT |
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| behavioral perspective |
how we learn observable responses |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:48:47 GMT |
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| psychodynamic perspective |
how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:48:47 GMT |
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| behavior genetics perspective |
how much our genes and our environment influence our individual differences |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:47:47 GMT |
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| evolutionary perspective |
how the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of one’s genes |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:47:47 GMT |
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| neuroscience perspective |
how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:47:47 GMT |
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| levels of analysis |
the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:47:47 GMT |
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| natural selection |
the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:45:13 GMT |
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| nature-nurture issue |
the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genres and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:45:12 GMT |
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| cognitive neuroscience |
the study of the interaction of thought processes and brain function |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:45:12 GMT |
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| cognitive revolution |
supported ideas developed by earlier psychologists like the importance of considering internal thought, but expanded on those ideas |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:45:12 GMT |
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| behaviorists |
believe that you can't observe a sensation, feeling, or thought, but you can observe and record people behavior as they respond to it |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:41:03 GMT |
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| American psychologists |
led by John B Watson and then BF Skinner; dismissed introspection of the 1920s and redefined psychology as the scientific study of observable behavior; behaviorists |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:41:03 GMT |
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| what psychologists focused on inner sensations? |
wundt and titchener, James engaged in introspective examination too |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:41:03 GMT |
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| Jean Piaget |
last century's most influential observer of children; swiss biologist |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:38:33 GMT |
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| Sigmund Freud |
Austrian physician; developed an influential theory of personality |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:38:33 GMT |
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| Ivan pavlov |
pioneered the study of learning, Russian physiologist |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:38:33 GMT |
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| humanistic psychology |
historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth; softer 1960s response to Freudian psychology and behaviorism; pioneers Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow; importance of current environmental influences on our growth and the importance of love and acceptance |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:42:17 GMT |
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| Margaret Floy Washburn |
first female psychology PhD; second APA president |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:35:22 GMT |
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| Mary Calkins |
William James admitted her to his Harvard class; when other students dropped her tutored her; harvard denied her a degree, but she became APAs first female president |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:35:22 GMT |
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| functionalism |
a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish; why does the nose smell etc- because of adaptation; down to earth |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:35:22 GMT |
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| structuralism |
an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind; Wundt's student titchener introduced it; unreliable- results vary from person to person, recollections err, requires smart and verbal people |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:35:22 GMT |
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| empiricism |
knowledge comes from experience through the senses; science needs research, observation, and experimentation |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:30:43 GMT |
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| monists |
believe that the mind and body are different aspects of the same thing |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:29:20 GMT |
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| Dualists |
believe that the mind can exist separately from the body |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:29:20 GMT |
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| What is the root of psychology? |
biology |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:29:19 GMT |
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| William James |
Considered the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings; under the influence of Charles Darwin; said the functions of or body are adaptive; he was a functionalist who encouraged explorations; greatest legacy came from his Harvard teaching and writing; admitted Mary Calkins and when everyone else quit the class he tutored her privately; she became the APA’s first female president; James also made a textbook, the Principles of Psychology |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:29:19 GMT |
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| Titchener |
Wundt’s student; introduced structuralism; aimed to discover the elements of the mind through introspection; however, these ideas waned since introspection required smart people but also varied and sometimes erred |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:28:16 GMT |
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| Willhelm Wundt |
Started the birth of psychology as we know it; created an experiment that measured the time lag between people’s hearing a ball hit a platform and their pressing a telegraph key; to be aware of one’s awareness takes longer; seeking to measure the fastest and simplest mental process; psychology’s first experiment |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Locke |
A British political philosopher who wrote An Essay Concerning Human Understanding; argued that the mind at birth is “white paper.” Helped form modern empiricism with Bacon |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Bacon |
British scientist; one of the founders of modern science; used experiment, experience, and common-sense judgment to anticipate the mind’s hunger to perceive patterns in random events; helped form modern empiricism with Locke |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Descartes |
Frenchman during the 1600s who agreed with Socrates and Plato about innate ideas and the mind surviving the body’s death; dissected animals and found “animal spirits,” which flow through the nerves |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:27:31 GMT |
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| Aristotle |
Student of Plato, used data more than Socrates and Plato, who relied on logic; learned from observation; knowledge grows from experience |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:27:31 GMT |
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| Plato |
Student of Socrates; mind is separable from body, knowledge is innate |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:27:31 GMT |
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| Socrates |
Philosopher-teacher of ancient Greece who concluded with his student, Plato, that mind is separable from body and continues after the body dies; also that knowledge is innate |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:27:31 GMT |
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| Confucius |
stressed the power of ideas and of an educated mind |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:21:38 GMT |
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| Buddha |
pondered how sensations and perceptions combine to form ideas |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:20:52 GMT |
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| mental processes |
the internal, subjective experiences we infer from behavior |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:20:52 GMT |
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| behavior |
something an organism does |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:20:52 GMT |
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| psychology |
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
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lherin07 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 01:20:52 GMT |
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