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| Allopolyploids |
polyploid hybrid species with chromosomes sets from 2 species |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:33:08 GMT |
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| Autopolyploidy |
formed when chromosomes don't separate into 2 cells during mitosis in diploid |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:33:08 GMT |
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| New species can be generated by changes in chromosome number these 2 ways... |
1)autopolyploidy
2)allopolyploidy |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:33:08 GMT |
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| monoploids |
have a single complete set of chromosome |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:25:32 GMT |
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| polyploids |
have complete extra sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:25:32 GMT |
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| tetraploids |
4x.......4 sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:25:32 GMT |
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| triploids |
3x........3 sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:25:32 GMT |
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| diploids |
2x.......2 complete sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:24:32 GMT |
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| monoploids |
1x......1 complete set of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:24:32 GMT |
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| basic chromosome number |
normal # of chromosome sets |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:24:32 GMT |
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| Euploidy |
containing only complete sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:24:32 GMT |
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| Mosaic gynandromorphs |
nondisjunction in mitotic division after 2-cell stage (patches of male and female cells--not along bilateral axis)
ex: butterflies |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:23:28 GMT |
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| Bilateral gynandromorphs |
nondisjunction during 1st mitosis (half male, half female along bilateral axis)
ex: butterflies |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:23:28 GMT |
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| Mosaicism |
a chromosome lost or gained in mitosis |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:23:28 GMT |
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| Aneuploidy in humans causes? |
Down Syndrome or Trisomy 21 |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:23:28 GMT |
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| Double Tetrasomic |
gain of 2 pairs of homologous chromosomes
(2n+2+2) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:20:27 GMT |
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| Double Trisomic |
an extra copy of 2 homologous chromosomes
(2n+1+1) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:20:27 GMT |
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| Double Monosomic |
loss of 2 nonhomologous chromosomes
(2n-1-1) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:20:27 GMT |
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| Tetrasomy |
gain of a homologous chromosome pair
(2n+2) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:20:27 GMT |
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| Trisomy |
gain of a single chromosome pair
(2n+1) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:18:49 GMT |
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| Monosomy |
loss of a single chromosome(2n-1) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:18:49 GMT |
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| Nullisomy |
loss of a homologous chromosome pair
(2n-2) |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:18:49 GMT |
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| How does aneuploidy arise? |
1)chromosome lost when centromere deleted (can't attach to mitotic spindle)
2)Robertsonian translocation (small chromosomes lost)
3)Nondisjunction- homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids don't separate in meiosis or mitosis |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:18:49 GMT |
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| Polyploidy/Monoploidy |
change in the number of full chromosome sets |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:15:58 GMT |
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| Aneuploidy |
change in the number of individual chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:15:58 GMT |
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| Changes in Chromosome Number |
loss or gain of individual chromosome or sets of chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:15:58 GMT |
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| Chromosomal Rearrangements |
modification of DNA sequence in 1 or more chromosomes |
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farahlou9 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 23:15:58 GMT |
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