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| SSRIs: Definitions |
>>Know definition with drugs<<
[Flowers Please Every Valentine Sounds Cool - PPLLZC]
Fluoxetine (Prozac) - energizing, long half-life
Paroxetine (Paxil) - good anti-anxiety benefits.
Escitalopram (Lexapro) - minimal sedation, minimal interaction with other drugs.
Voxamine (Luvox)
Sertraline (Zoloft) - low sedation, little anxiety
Citalopram (Celexa) - minimal sedation, minimal interaction with other drugs.
(L4-5, P1) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:51:37 GMT |
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| Side Effects: 5 Problems |
1. Activation - acute onset/after a few hours of start or when dose is increased.
Side effects: Nervousness, anxiety, insomnia.
Solution: 3 weeks of low dose tranquilizer, and then phased out.
2. Sexual dysfunction, inorgasmia - use Buproprion (Wellbutrin) or Viagra
3. Genital anesthesia & ejaculation with no pleasure - rare.
4. Weight gain - may be metabolic effect.
5. Switching - IP goes into manic state after several weeks into treatment.
(L2-4, P13) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:25:03 GMT |
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| Contest Side Effects: Optimization, Substitution, & Antidote Strategies |
Optimization:
1. Wait habituation
2. Adjust the dose and administration (i.e. reducing the dosage)
3. Drug Holiday (only works if have short half-life)
Substitution:
(Be careful due to other side effects or relapse)
Antidote strategies:
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is used most due to low risk in sexual dysfunction (i.e. sometimes counteract SSRI's sexual side effects)
Natural drugs, antihistaminic, & Sidenafil (Viagra) [i.e. for sexual side effects or erectile dysfunction (ED)]
(L2-4, P12) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:24:24 GMT |
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| Stimulants: Examples |
[Ay Matey - Don't Run]
Amphetamine (Dexedrine)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
[Not an antidepressant medication.]
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:24:24 GMT |
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| Stimulants: Uses & Side Effects |
Used to augment the effect of antidepressants. [Can be used with antidepressants.]
Side Effects: insomnia, agitation, anxiety, & appetite suppression.
Amphetamine (Dexedrine) - causes shaky, dryness; more adrenaline release.
(L2-4, P11) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:24:24 GMT |
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| MonoAmino Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Examples |
[TSP of sugar - Please Enjoy Now]
Tranylcipromine (Parnate)
Selegiline (Ensam)
Phenelzine (Nardil)
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:24:23 GMT |
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| MAOIs: Uses & Side Effects |
Only used in MDD & Panic Disorder, when other medications fail.
Dangerous hypertensive reaction when taken with food containing tyramine (e.g. wine, cheese).
[Can't be taken with medications (e.g. SSRIs).]
Side Effects: sedation, insomnia, agitation, confusion, orthostatic hypotension, & edema.
Tranylcipromine (Parnate) - most common
Selegiline (Ensam) - transdermal patch, reduced risk of hypertensive reaction.
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:23:01 GMT |
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| Atypical Antidepressants: Examples |
[Billy's Back Now - Welcome Back Son]
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Buspirone (Buspar)
Nefazodone (Serzone)
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:23:01 GMT |
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| Atypical Antidepressants: Uses & Side Effects |
>>E.g. For a list of drugs used for anxiety, pick the ones not used for it<<
Buproprion (Wellbutrin) - adrenergic effect, can cause anxiety and insomnia; augment effects of SSRIs; energizing, less side effects; don't use for anxiety.
Buspirone (Buspar) - also used for anxiety.
Nefazodone (Serzone)
(L2-4, P10) & (L4-5, P1) |
2 |
ucbruinette Tue, 18 May 2010 08:34:56 GMT |
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| NRIs: Examples |
[Ah Robot - Save Village!]
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Reboxetine (Vestra)
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:23:01 GMT |
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| Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (NRIs): Uses, Effects, & Side Effects |
Atomoxetine (Strattera) - selective blocker of NE reuptake; only approved for ADHD use, despite antidepressant effect.
Reboxetine (Vestra) - improve energy, cognition, anxiety, less appetite, little sexual side effects, paradoxical sedation (i.e. suppose to stimulate); in Europe only.
(L2-4, P10) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:21:25 GMT |
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| SNRIs: Examples |
>>Know<<
[MVD - REC (i.e. MVP's reck stuff)]
Mirtazapine (Remeron)
Venalfaxine (Effexor)
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Used in severe depression.
(L2-4, P9) & (L4-5, P1) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:50:05 GMT |
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| Serotonin & Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs): Uses |
Have dual action.
Blocks reuptake of NE & SE (i.e. 5-HT) neurotransmitters.
Mirtazapine (Remeron) - Alpha 2 adreno receptor blocker, increases SE & NE activity.
[Sometimes SSRIs may not work, so may need SNRIs.]
(L2-4, P9) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:21:25 GMT |
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| SSRIs: Examples |
>>Know<<
[Flowers Please, Every Valentine Sounds Cool - PPLLZC (i.e. "please")]
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Paroxetine (Paxil)
Escitalopram (Lexapro)
Voxamine (Luvox)
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Citalopram (Celexa)
(L2-4, P9) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:49:43 GMT |
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| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): "Clean" & Side Effects |
>>If they're "clean" drugs, they're an SSRI<<
Relatively less side effects, mostly to serotoninergic synapses.
Side effects due to serotonin (SE) increase.
Side effects: nausea, sweating, anxiety, insomnia, headache, restlessness, sexual dysfunction, GI upset, [anorgasmia (i.e. delayed ejaculation), some anticholinergic effect]
[Used for major depressive, eating, and anxiety disorders.]
(L2-4, P9) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:49:28 GMT |
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| Cyclic Antidepressants: Drugs & Their Side Effects |
Most side effects: Amitripyiline (Elavil) & Doxepin (Sinequan).
Anticholinergic hypotension & sedation.
Trazodone (Desyrel).
No anticholinergic effect, mild sedation and hypotension.
[Mainly used for sedation/sleep, not as an antidepressant.]
Lowest side effects: Imipramine (Tofranil) & Desipramin (Norpramin).
Almost no sedation.
(L2-4, P8) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:19:38 GMT |
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| Cyclic Antidepressants: Examples |
>>Know names & it's a cyclic antidepressant<<
[ADDIT - ENSTD]
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Desipramine (Norparmin)
Doxepin (Sinequan)
Imipramine (Tofranil)
Trazodone (Desyrel)
(L2-4, P8) |
2 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:49:01 GMT |
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| Tricyclics: Side Effects |
>>Know types of effects & 5-6 side effects<<
1. Anticholinergic Effect
Dry skin, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, intestine paralysis, & death.
2. Adrenergic Effect
Sweating, orthostatic hypotension, & sexual dysfunction.
3. Antihistaminic Effect
Weight gain & sedation.
4. Other Effects
Reduce seizure threshold, anxiety, elevated heart rate, rashes, palpitations, hepatitis, arrhythmias, & agranulocytosis.
(L2-4, P8) |
2 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 09:09:58 GMT |
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| Tricyclics: "Dirty" |
Called "Dirty" because of the reaction with several receptors causing side effects.
[Cause a lot of side effects, dangerous - can be lethal and kill you.]
(L2-4, P8) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:17:31 GMT |
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| Antidepressant Classifications |
1. Cyclic Antidepressants; Tricyclics (TCAs)
2. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
3. Serotonin & Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
4. Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (NRIs)
5. MonoAmino Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
6. Atypical Antidepressants
(L2-4, P8) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:17:31 GMT |
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| Clinical Depression: Symptoms |
>>Know 4-5 symptoms (short-answer)<<
Mood changes (e.g. sadness, despair, emptiness)
Low self-esteem
Apathy, low motivation, social withdrawal
Negativity, pessimistic thinking
Irritability
Suicidal ideation
(Anhedonia)
(Excessive emotional sensitivity)
(L2-4, P5) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:47:41 GMT |
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| Grief or Uncomplicated Bereavement (Depressive Disorder) |
Prolonged and even painful response to loss with emotional distress.
Can last 6-12 months, and can continue in a lesser degree.
Affects functioning, all depends on individual.
(L2-4, P4) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:17:31 GMT |
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| Reactive Dysphoria or Sadness (Depressive Disorder) |
Low grade sadness & despair.
No interference with normal functioning.
Little impact in the social, interpersonal, occupational life.
(L2-4, P4) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:16:18 GMT |
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| Depression v. Clinical Depression |
>>Know depression v. clinical depression (matching)<<
Depression is a chronic episodic, remitting, and relapsing disease. If untreated, relapse will be more frequent and more severe.
Clinical depression: intensity, duration, and impact of symptoms in normal functioning. Suffering months to years with severely affected daily life.
(L2-4, P4) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:47:14 GMT |
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| Depressive Disorders: 3 Classifications |
3 Classifications:
1. Reactive dysphoria or sadness
2. Grief or uncomplicated bereavement
3. Clinical Depression
(L2-4, P4) |
0 |
ucbruinette Wed, 17 Mar 2010 21:16:18 GMT |
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| DSM-IV TR |
>>Know what's in every axis (short-answer)<<
Axis I: Mental Disorders
Axis II: Personality Disorders (PD) & Mental Retardation (MR)
Axis III: Physical Conditions & Disorders
Axis IV: Psychological & Environmental Problems
Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)
(L2-4, P1) |
1 |
ucbruinette Thu, 18 Mar 2010 06:46:21 GMT |
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