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| riff chorus |
repeated phrase over and over |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:33:09 GMT |
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| Popular Song Form |
A A B A |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| Chorus Format |
5-9 choruses |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| rubato |
stretch time/elastic |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| 32 Bar Song Form |
A (8) A (8) B (8) A (8) = one chorus
-B is the "bridge" between the verses |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| Blues Form |
12 bars in each chorus--1-4=tonic chord 1---5-6=subdominant 4---7-8=tonic 1---9=dominant 5---10=subdominant 4---11-12=tonic 1 |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| Ragtime Form |
typically AABBACCDD and each part is 16 bars |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| counterpoint |
polyphonic-process of weaving in a 2nd melody |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:32:49 GMT |
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| cadenza |
flashy solo with lots of technical difficulty, trills, fast notes (show off) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:22:34 GMT |
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| legato |
long, flowing |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:19:22 GMT |
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| staccato |
short |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:19:22 GMT |
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| tone cluster |
create a cord made up of notes right next to each other (adjacent tones) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:19:22 GMT |
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| common time |
4/4 (C) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| compound time |
6/8, 3/8, 12/8 (basic beat is divided in 3) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| simple time |
basic beat is divided into 2 parts (3/4) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| Recapitulation a.k.a. Restatement |
-restates all main themes from exposition but all are in tonic key
-two other possible additions, introduction=slow, coda=the big finish/rousing conclusion |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| Development a.k.a. Fantasia |
-partial restatement of main theme
-key changes
-creative rhythmic and other canges such as dynamics, texture and tone color |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| Sonata Form |
-symphonies, string quartets, and concertos
-fast, slow, fast
-4 movements |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| Exposition a.k.a. Statement |
-first theme: tonic key (male)
--bridge--
-2nd theme: dominant key (female)
-closing theme: dominant key |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:16:22 GMT |
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| Sonata-Allegro Form |
A B A overall
-1st movement=exposition (statement)
-2nd movement=development (fantasia)
-3rd movement=recapitulation (restatement) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:07:49 GMT |
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| Fugue |
-4 voices usually (3-5)-
-main theme-subject, 2nd voiceof this 1st theme is called the answer
-different melody that is a companion called the counter subject
-fragments or new material called episodes (inversion, retrograde, augmentation, diminution) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:05:40 GMT |
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| Theme and Variation |
--changing elements of a theme--
basic theme stated, changes in -rhythm -meter -key -tempo -embellishments -diminution -augmentation -harmonic stucture -adding countpoint
--independent piece or movement in a symphony, sonata, or string quartet |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| Rondo/ Rondeau |
A B A C A D A (always returns to the same melody) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| three part, ABA, ternary |
statement/ contrast/ return |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| two part, AB, binary |
statement/ counterstatement |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| ritardando |
slowing down |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| accelerando |
speeding up |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:59:28 GMT |
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| ostinato |
pulse |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| dissonance |
unstable, tense, harsh |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| polyphony |
two or more simultaneous melodies ex. box fuges |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| homophony |
one melody and supporting harmony |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| monophony |
one melody ONLY. no harmony |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| keyboards |
organ, piano, harpsichord |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| percussion |
-definite pitch- marimba, celesta, timpani, xylophone, bells, chimes
-indefinite pitch- most drums, gongs, castanets, tambourines |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| brass |
trumpet-cornet, french horn, trombone, tuba, sousaphone-coiled tuba |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| woodwinds |
piccolo, flute, oboe, clarint, english horn, bass clarinet, bassoon, contrabassoon, saxophone, recorder |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| strings |
violin, viola, cello, bass, guitar, harps, lute, mandolin, banjo, ukulele |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:58:51 GMT |
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| consonance |
stable, restful |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| polytonality |
different parts of orchestra (different instruments) are playing in different keys at the same time |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| modulation |
changing the key (up or down) in a piece of music-part of song |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| transposition |
changing the key for the whole song |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| arpeggio |
running up and down a scale under the melody |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| broken chord |
play parts of 1 chord-a broken up pattern |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| triad |
lowest tone=root up a 3rd, then up another 3rd which =5th |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| chord |
simultaneous sounding of 3 or more pitches/tones |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| harmony |
simultaneous sounding of 2 or more tones--"the accompaniment to melody" |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| diminution |
twice as fast, note values are halved |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| augmentation |
makes melody slower, note values doubled |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| melodic cadence |
rest or pause at end of a phrase
incomplete=comma
complete=period |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| tonic pitch |
1st pitch of a scale |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| tonality |
home base-single pitch, single scale (C scale, triads starting in C) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| pentatonic scale |
5 notes opposed to 7 |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| chromatic scale |
12 pitches pitch--octave
first pitch=tonic pitch |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| diatonic scale |
7 pitches--scala, up and up and up (only white keys) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| minor scale system |
tonic pitch--whole--half--whole--whole--half--whole--whole |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| major scale system |
tonic pitch--whole--whole--half--whole--whole--whole--half |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| interval |
the distance between two tones |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| octave |
A=440x2---A=880x2---A=1760 with all the notes in between |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| enharmonic pitches |
C#=Db D#=Eb |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| motive/motif |
2 to 8 notes (1 or 2 movements) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| melody |
succesion of tones that move through time |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:55 GMT |
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| syncopation |
accents on off beats/weak beats |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| rubato |
speeding up and slowing down
"robbing time" |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| tempo |
how fast/slow (relative) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| accents |
stress on a particular beat (strong/soft) |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| measure/bar |
always have a given number of beats |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| mixed meter |
4/4 and 3/4 with different instruments |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| duple, triple, quadruple meter |
2, 3, or 4 beats per measure |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| meter |
organizing beats into groups
measures/bars |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| polyrythm |
multiple rhythms combined together |
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elste100 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 01:58:54 GMT |
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| 4 main properties of music |
pitch, duration, dynamics, tone color |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| rhythm |
pattern of sounds and silences in measured music |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| beat |
basic unit of music a.k.a. pulse |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| tone color |
basic sound created (from different instruments) |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| dynamics |
how loud/soft it is (tone) |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| duration |
how long it lasts (tone) |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| pitch |
highness/lowness of a tone, how many vibrations per second |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| noise |
irregular sound wave/vibratioin |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| tone |
regular sound wave/vibration |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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| music |
organized sound in time |
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elste100 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 21:43:04 GMT |
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