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| guilt appeal |
persuasion technique and type of negative appeal based on shame |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 04:34:02 GMT |
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| humor appeal |
persuasion technique and type of positive appeal based on comedy and amusement |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 04:30:56 GMT |
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| Hawthorne Effect |
-– electric power company trying to find how the intensity of lighting affected productivity of factory workers…workers increased productivity in both high lighting and low lighting because they knew they were being watched… |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:37:38 GMT |
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| Flighting |
the presentation of messages in waves, with periods of intense communication interspersed with dark periods of communication inactivity. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:37:07 GMT |
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| What is true about Frequency of Tactics? |
-Repetition increases awareness and leads to greater acceptance |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:48:00 GMT |
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| True |
True or False
Most radio stations need only about a week's lead time for routine information to be covered. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:37:07 GMT |
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| False |
True or False
Typically, "late night" day-parts for radio and television are the same time, roughly 11:30 p.m. to 1 a.m. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:37:07 GMT |
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| False |
True or False
According to a Harris Poll, most college seniors rated Internet news as their least likely source for information. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:34:29 GMT |
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| True |
True or False
Whereas interpersonal tactics and organizational media generally involve information-seeking publics, the news media more often carry the organization's message to people who are not actively seeking it. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:34:29 GMT |
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| False |
True or False?
"Bleed ads and center spreads are common terms for television ads dealing with health-related organizations." |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:34:29 GMT |
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| Organizational Media Tactics |
-Tactics
–Message published or produced by the org, which controls message content distribution, timing, etc.
-use when your publics are too widespread or too large to interact w/ on a more personal level |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:43:18 GMT |
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| Interpersonal Communication Tactics |
-offers face-to-face opportunities for personal involvement and interaction
-personal involvement (plant tour, open house, test drive, etc)
-info exchange (convention, trade show, town meeting)
-special events (fair, festival, sporting event) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:32:27 GMT |
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| libel |
-written or broadcast defamation |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:32:27 GMT |
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| slander |
-spoken defamation |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:32:27 GMT |
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| Defamation |
– legal situation where language is (1) false, (2) published or communicated to a third party (3) identifies a person (4) holds that person to a public hatred (5) involves some measure of negligence/malice on the part of the communicator |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 04:26:59 GMT |
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| How to Use Fog Index |
-select a 100 word passage
-count number of sentences
-determine avg. sentence length (100/# sentences in passage)
-count # of large words in passage
-add avg. sentence length to number of large words and multiply by 0.4 |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:30:14 GMT |
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| Fog Index |
- helps writers measure the level of reading difficulty for any piece of writing and then adjust the writing according to the skills of their audience. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:30:14 GMT |
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| Fear Appeals |
-persuasion technique and type of negative appeal based on anxiety and worry |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 04:28:57 GMT |
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| Virtue Appeals |
- appeals that evoke any of the various values that society or individuals hold in esteem |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:30:14 GMT |
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| Policy Proposition |
-proposition; identifies a new course of action and encourages its adoption (ex: changing the drinking age) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Value Proposition |
-proposition; identifies the virtue of something (ex: the merits of health care reform) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Conjecture Proposition |
-proposition; something probably exists based on reasoned conclusion drawn from physical evidence |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| Factual Proposition |
-proposition; something exists based on provable evidence |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:28:15 GMT |
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| halo-effect |
- phenomenon in which a message is likely to be believed mainly because the source is perceived as credible, charismatic and/or in a position of control over an audience |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:24:17 GMT |
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| Control |
– command over an audience and on the perceived willingness to exercise that control
(power, authority, scrutiny) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:24:17 GMT |
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| Charisma |
– magnetic appeal or personal charm that some message sources enjoy over an audience
(likability, similarity, attractiveness) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:24:17 GMT |
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| Credibility |
-the power to inspire belief
(expertise, status, competence,honesty) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:24:17 GMT |
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| 3 C's of Effective Communication |
1) Credibility
2)Charisma
3)Control |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:22:03 GMT |
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| consensus building |
– process of dialogue that identifies and then prevents or overcomes barriers between people and orgs. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:22:03 GMT |
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| inoculation theory |
- theory that explores the role that persuasive info has on previously unchallenged beliefs and attitudes |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:22:03 GMT |
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| selective exposure theory |
- theory; seeking out info that supports a currently held attitude while avoiding info that does not support it |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:07:32 GMT |
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| balance theory |
– theory; unbalanced mental stances create tension and force an individual to restore balance |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:22:25 GMT |
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| cognitive dissonance theory |
- theory that explores the role of psychological discomfort rooted in info that contradicts beliefs, values or attitudes |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:44:18 GMT |
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| Dialogue Model |
–Model; the deeply conscious interaction of two parties in communication; involves a sincere and competent attempt at mutual understanding. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:13:25 GMT |
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| Persuasion Model |
– model; attempts to influence people, using ethical means to enhance a democratic society. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:46:29 GMT |
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| Information Model |
-Model; focuses on the content and channels of communication |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:42:40 GMT |
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| Association |
-excuse; the org. claims to have inherited the problem |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:18:00 GMT |
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| Victimization |
-excuse; the org. was a target of criminals |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:18:00 GMT |
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| Accident |
-excuse; org. blames problem on factors beyond control |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:14:22 GMT |
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| Lack of Control |
-excuse; the org. reports that its actions were forced upon it |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:24:48 GMT |
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| Provocation |
excuse; saying the org. had no choice |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:16:10 GMT |
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| Deliberate Inaction |
– strategic silence, purdah (screen used in social isolation of women) strategic ambiguity |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:16:10 GMT |
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| Rectifying Behavior |
investigation, corrective action, restitution, repentance |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:05:09 GMT |
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| Defensive Response |
org. reacts less aggressively to criticism (denial, excuse) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:13:09 GMT |
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| Vocal Commiseration |
– org. expresses empathy and understanding about the misfortune suffered by its publics. (concern, condolence, apology, nonapology) |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:13:09 GMT |
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| 4 Elements of Diversionary Response |
-concession- rebuilding relationship w/ publics by giving them something they want
-ingratiation- charming publics in order to turn the spotlight away from accusations and criticisms
-disassociation- distancing an org. from the wrongdoing associated w/ it.
-relabeling- |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 04:23:53 GMT |
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| Diversionary Response |
– attempt to shift gaze of publics from the problem associated with the org. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:13:09 GMT |
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| Offensive Response Strategies |
-attack- claim that an accusation of wrongdoing is an attempt to impugn the org’s. reputation
-embarassment-
-shock- deliberate agitation of the mind or emotions
-threat- promise of harm to an accuser |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:10:28 GMT |
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| Pre-emptive Action |
– action taken before the opposition launches its first charge against the org. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:10:28 GMT |
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| agenda-setting theory |
-theory; says the news media are not powerful enough to make audiences react in a certain way. But they raise issues that they and audiences consider to be newsworthy. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:47:41 GMT |
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| SoLiBaTi + UnFa |
- news is "significant" information relevant to the "local area", presented with "balance" and objectivity and in a "timely manner."
- the value of news is magnified by "unusualness" and "fame." |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 02:12:04 GMT |
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| 10 Ways Orgs. Can Generate News |
•Give an award show to draw attention to values and issues
•Hold a contest to involve others in your values and issues
•Select personnel to head a new program or begin a new project
•Comment on a local need or problem
•Conduct research and issue a report about a local need or problem
•Launch a campaign to accomplish something
•Give a speech to a significant audience and tell the media about it
•Involve a celebrity to visit and/or address your org. on a topic of concern to you
•Tie into an issue already high on the public or media agenda or link your org. to the topic news of the day
•Localize a general report |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:04:25 GMT |
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| coalitions |
formal, structured relationship among organizations. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:04:25 GMT |
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| alliances |
informal, loosely structured and often small working relationship among organizations. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:04:25 GMT |
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| transparent communication |
– concept of proactive public relations strategy referring to open and observable activity by an org. that helps publics understand the org. and support its actions. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:04:25 GMT |
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| publicity stunt |
gimmick planned by an org. mainly to gain publicity, having little value beyond attention. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:02:01 GMT |
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| triggering events |
activities that generate action among key publics. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:02:01 GMT |
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| salience |
degree to which info is perceived as being applicable or useful to an audience |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:02:01 GMT |
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| Adaptation |
-the willingness and ability of an org. to make changes necessary to create harmony between itself and its key publics. |
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johnwp06 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 01:02:01 GMT |
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