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| substantive due process doctrine |
DEF: Supreme Court has the power to overturn laws that infringe on individual liberties.
EX: Protections for birth control, abortions, and decisions about how to raise one's children.
SIG: Protects individual liberties mentioned in the 14th Amendment. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:17:35 GMT |
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| reasonable bias test |
DEF: The use of evidence to suggest that differences in the behavior of two groups can rationalize unequal treatment of these two groups.
EX: Charging 16-21 yr olds higher prices for insurance than people over 21 because younger people have higher accident rates.
SIG: Provides a good and acceptable reason to discriminate on certain groups. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:17:35 GMT |
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| de facto |
DEF: Segregation that occurred on its own and not from laws.
EX: Segregation of schools because of housing patterns.
SIG: Showed that segregation can still occur without any laws forcing it. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:09:59 GMT |
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| de jure |
DEF: Segregation that was mandated by law.
EX: Legally enforced segregation of schools in the American South.
SIG: Forced segregation. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:09:59 GMT |
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| "separate but equal" |
DEF: The idea that racial segregation was acceptable s long as the separate facilities were of equal quality.
EX: It was okay for blacks and whites to use separate public bathrooms, but the bathrooms had to be equal in cleanliness and quality as one another.
SIG: Allowed blacks to still be segregated, but get equal treatment in public places as whites. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:09:59 GMT |
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| Jim Crow laws |
DEF: State and local laws that mandated racial segregation in all public facilities.
EX: Blacks and whites had to used separate public bathrooms.
SIG: Still segregated blacks even though they were equal citizens with the whites. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 22:09:59 GMT |
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| grandfather clause |
DEF: Type of law passed in some southern states forcing citizens to pass literacy tests and other obstacles in order to vote.
EX: As long as a person could read, he could vote.
SIG: A way of preventing blacks from voting. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 21:59:44 GMT |
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| disenfranchised |
DEF: To have been denied the ability to exercise a right.
EX: Denied the right to vote.
SIG: Used as a way to prevent blacks from voting after the Civil War. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 21:59:44 GMT |
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| Missouri Compromise |
DEF: Agreement between pro- and anti-slavery groups passed by Congress in 1820 in an attempt to ease territories by limiting the expansion of slavery while also maintaining a balance between slave states and free states.
EX: The different groups debated for a while on whether to make California a slave state or free state.
SIG: Attempted to ease tensions between North and South, but ultimately made the South frustrated and was one of the factors that led to the Civil War. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 21:59:44 GMT |
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| civil rights |
DEF: Rights that guarantee individuals freedom from discrimination.
EX: Equal protection clause of 14th Amendment; 1964 Civil Rights Act.
SIG: Protect citizens from discrimination both by the government and by individuals. |
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aaadd Sun, 10 Jan 2010 21:59:44 GMT |
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