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| A RENAL Corpuscle is made up of: |
Glomerulus (ball of capillaries)
Glomerulus capsule |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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| The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contains the enzyme _____ _________ that stimulates the host cells to produce RNA. |
Reverse Transciptase |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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| Cardinal signs of inflammation: |
Redness
swelling
Heat
Pain |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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| An autoimmune disease (AID) in which antibodies damage the capillaries of the kidneys |
ACUTE Glomerulonephritis |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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| Anaphylaxis is a reaction & is not an ___________ disease or disorder |
autoimmune |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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| Hyperenemia can be stimulated by: |
Histamine
Bradykinin
Leukotrienes |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:13:08 GMT |
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Increase of blood flow to the skin or body part is called:_______.
Example: redness of the skin after a sunburn. |
Hyper-enemia. |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Antibodies belong to a class of plasma proteins called: |
Gloubins |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| The first time a person is exposed to an antigen, the plasma cells produce ___ upon later exposures they produce IgG. |
IgM; (Immuniogloubin M) |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Antibody molecules consist of anywhere from 2-10+ _______ chains, depending on which class of antibody is considered. |
polypeptide |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Lymphocytes that are similar to T-cells but recognize and destroy tumors in a non-specific fashion without requiring prior exposure to tumor antigens. |
Natural Killer (NK) cells |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Name four (4) functions of a Helper T-Cell: |
1. Recognize an antigen complex
2. Secrete interlukins
3. Attract macrophages
4. Stimulate T & B cell mitosis and maturation |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Chemical messengers between leukocytes. |
Interleukins |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| The main antigen presenting cells in the body are _______ because they display fragments of phagocytized material to alert the T-cell of the immune system |
MACROPHAGES |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 18:32:44 GMT |
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| The formed elements most directly responsible for humoral immunity are the: |
B-Lymphocytes AKA (B-Cells) |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| _______ or (antibody-mediated) immunity involves antibodies that do not directly destroy a pathogen, but tag them for destruction. |
Humoral |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Complex proteins that are I.D. tags which label every cell of your body as belonging to you. |
Major HISTOcompatibility (MHC) proteins |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| when neutrophils and macrophages phagocytize bacteria, they secrete ______ ___ which acts as a pyrogen which is a fever producing agent. |
Interleukin one (1) |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Prevents pathogens from spreading from an infected area. |
Fibrin |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| A protein of a T-Cell that punches a hole in the plasma membrane of a cell such as cancer cells. |
Perforin |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| CYTOTOXIC T-cells are the only T lymphocytes that directly attack and kill other cells. List one of the ways |
Secretion of Perforin (protein) |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| cell-mediated) immunity is a form of specific defense in which __ __________directly attack and destroy diseased or foreign cells; |
T lymphcytes |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Before a "B" lympocyte can secrete antibodies, it must be transformed into a ____ cell. |
Plasma |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Name the 4 substances that BASOPHILS secrete when inflammation is present. |
1. Histamine (vaso-dilator)
2. Seratonin(vaso-dilator)
3. Bradykinin
4. Heparin (anti coagulant) |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:51 GMT |
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| Tapeworms, hookworms and other paracites too large to phagocytize are attacked mainly by these leukocytes. |
Eosinophils |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:50 GMT |
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| NEUTROPHILS are highly mobile WBD's that spend most of their lives by killing bacteria by : |
Phagocytosis and
respiratory bursts |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:50 GMT |
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| During margination, leukocytes squeeze through the spaces between the endothelial cells into the intercellur fluid by: |
Diapedesis |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:50 GMT |
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| In the area of injury, endothelial cells produce cell-adhesion molecules called SELECTINS, which make their membranes sticky and snag leukocytes, This is a process called ______. |
margination |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 10:57:50 GMT |
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| Which Gland is very large in a fetus and infant and after age 14 begins to shrink in a process called Involution. |
Thymus.
note; The pineal gland also shrink after puberty. |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 09:59:43 GMT |
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| The largest and most commonly removed tonsils during a tonsilectomy. |
Palatine tonsils |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 09:59:43 GMT |
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Immuno-competent is:
1. when T-cells are capable of recognizing antigens presented to them by_____________.
2. when Lymphocytes have developed surface receptors for a particular antigen. (memory) |
(APC's) Antigen producing cells
These can be;
macrophages
B-cells
dendritic and reticular cells |
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LAPhillips Thu, 10 Dec 2009 19:29:29 GMT |
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| T-Cells become ____-_____ during their stay in the THYMUS. |
Immuno-competent |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 09:59:43 GMT |
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| The ____ ____ converge to form the Right lymphatic and thoracic ducts which drain into the subclavian veins. |
Lymphatic Trunks |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 09:59:43 GMT |
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| Special lymphatic vessels that absorb dietary lipids that can't be absorbed into the capilaries. |
Lacteals |
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LAPhillips Wed, 09 Dec 2009 09:59:43 GMT |
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